Fluorinated benzenesulfonamides as inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase

ABSTRACT

Novel fluorinated benzenesulfonamides compounds of general formula (I) 
                         
can be used in biomedicine as active ingredients in pharmaceutical formulations, because they inhibit enzymes which participate in disease progression.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention describes novel aromatic sulfonamide derivatives, potentially useful in biomedicine as active ingredients of pharmaceutical preparations because of their ability to inhibit enzymes participating in disease progression.

The enzymes in this description of the invention include different metal (mostly zinc) ion-possessing proteins, such as carbonic anhydrases and metalloproteinases.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Carbonic anhydrases are zinc-containing enzymes which catalyze reversible reaction of carbon dioxide hydration. These enzymes participate in essential physiological processes related to respiration, CO₂/bicarbonate transport between lungs and metabolizing tissues, pH and CO₂ homeostasis, electrolyte secretion in many tissues/organs, etc. To date there are 15 carbonic anhydrase (CA) isozymes identified in humans—12 catalytically active and 3 inactive, so called carbonic anhydrase related proteins. The 12 active isoforms have different subcellular localization—5 of them are cytosolic, 4—membrane bound, 2 mitochondrial and 1—secreted. The major class of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors is aromatic and heterocyclic inhibitors possessing sulfonamide group. Sulfonamide-class carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are widely used as therapeutic agents for treatment of various diseases, since the 15 carbonic anhydrase isozymes are widely distributed in most of the cells, tissues and organs where they are responsible for essential physiological functions. Another similar protein class is metalloproteinases, proteolytic enzymes, which are characterized by increased expression during various steps of cancer progression. Sulfonamide inhibitors have a great potential for the inhibition of metalloproteinases.

Carbonic anhydrases participate in many essential physiological processes, therefore the increased activity or expression of different CA isoforms results in significant pathological outcomes. Therefore the regulation of CA catalytic activity by means of inhibition or activation proposes a therapeutic perspective.

There are several diseases with the characteristic disbalance of the interconversion between carbonic dioxide and bicarbonate resulting in pH alteration, disturbance of ion transport, fluid secretion, etc. CA activators may have pharmacological applications in pathologies in which learning and memory are impaired, such as Alzheimer's disease or aging (Temperini, C. et al. (2009), Drug Design of Zinc-Enzyme Inhibitors: Functional, Structural, and Disease Applications; Eds.: Supuran, C. T. and Winum, J.-Y., Wiley: Hoboken, N.J., p 473). While most often carbonic anhydrase inhibitors are used as antiglaucoma agents, they are also employed for treatment of another diseases: retinal and cerebral edema (inhibitors of CA I) (Gao, B. B. et al. (2007), Nat. Med. 13, 181), altitude sickness (inhibitors of CA II) (Basnyat, B. et al. (2003), High Alt. Med. Biol. 4, 45), epilepsy (inhibitors of CA II, CA VII, CA XIV) (Hen, N. et al. (2011), J. Med. Chem. 54, 3977). Few novel synthesized inhibitors of CA VA, CA VB, CA XII and CA IX are undergoing clinical investigation as antiobesity and antitumor drugs or diagnostic tools (De Simone, G. et al. (2008), Curr. Pharm. Des. 14, 655; Guler, O. O. et al. (2010), Curr. Med. Chem. 17, 1516). It was identified that CA inhibitors suppress the growth of leukemia, melanoma, lung, ovarian, colon, kidney, prostate, breast, and CNS cancer cells (Supuran, C. T. et al. (2000), Eur. J. Med. Chem. 35, 867; Guler, O. O. et al. (2010), Curr. Med. Chem. 17, 1516; De Simone, G. et al. (2010), Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1804, 404; Battke, C. et al. (2011), Cancer Immunol. Immunother. 60, 649). Namely, the carbonic anhydrases IX and XII are directly related to cancer development. The use of CA IX-specific inhibitor set for detection and treatment of pre-cancer and neoplastic state is described (WO 2004/048544). There are a few reports about CA XIII involvement in the sperm mobility processes (probably together with CA XIV). Inhibition of these two CAs may be used in obtaining contraceptive agents (Lehtonen, I. et al. (2004), J. Biol. Chem. 279, 2791). It was established that CA inhibitors are useful diuretics for the treatment of patients which suffer from edema and heart deficiency. It is supposed that inhibition of the CA II activity could be useful for the diminishment of the bone resorption. It was shown in prokaryotes that the carbonic anhydrases are essential for respiration, carbon dioxide transport and photosynthesis. Therefore it was hypothesized that carbonic anhydrase inhibitors could be used as antibiotics. Ethoxzolamide was even used for the treatment of meningitis. It was noticed that carbonic anhydrase inhibitors possess an antimallarial activity. (Merlin, C. et al. (2003), J. Bacteriol. 185, 6415; Pastorekova, S. et al. (2004), J. Enzyme Inhib. Med. Chem. 19, 199; WO 2005/107470).

Introduction of fluorine atom as substituent in various positions of the benzene ring of benzenesulfonamides was investigated from point of view as CA inhibition. Pentafluorobenzenesulfonamide was described as bCAII inhibitor (Olander, J. et al. (1973), JACS, 95, 1616; Krishnamurthy, V. M. et al. (2007), Chem. Asian J. 2, 94). As far as known to the authors of this invention, there are no mention in the literature about 4-substituted-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamides activity towards CA inhibition. Such compounds bearing cycloalkylamino or alkylamino groups in 4-position were described as anticonvulsants (GB 1031082, BE 659230 (original)). The compound 4-methoxy-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide was described as anticonvulsant too (GB 1025314, BE 664831). The compounds 4-piperonyl-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide and 4-(cyclohexylamino)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide was mentioned in article about detection of sulfonamido groups (Bradshaw, L. R. A. (1969), Journal of Chromatography, 44, 422). The synthesis of 4-methoxy- and 4-amino-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorbenzensulfonamides was described (Robson, P. et al. (1963), J. Chem. Soc. 3692). The synthesis of non substituted 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorbenzensulfonamide was described in the same article. As far as known to the authors of this invention, there are no mention in the literature about 2,4-disubstituted-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamides and 3,4-disubstituted-2,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamides. The compounds 2-substituted-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamides have not been investigated as CA inhibitors according to authors of this invention. It is known only that compound 2-cyclopropylamino-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide was used for preparation of benzothiadiazine derivatives, which were used as AMPA receptor modulators (WO 2010004139). The synthesis of non substituted 2,3,5-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide, 2,3,4-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide, 2,3,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide and 2,4,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide and their use for preparation of benzothiadiazine derivatives was described in the same patent. Preparation of pyrazolylbenzothiazoles bearing fragment of 2,3,4-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide and their use as inhibitors of integrin-linked kinase was described (WO 2004011460). The synthesis of 2,3,4-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide and use as intermediate compound for preparation of 2,3-difluorobenzensulfonamide derivatives was described in another patent (WO 2008017932). These derivatives were investigated as CA inhibitors. As far as known to the authors of this invention, there are no mention in the literature about 3,4,5-trisubstituted-2,6-difluorobenzenesulfonamides. Other substituted difluorobenzenesulfonamides are investigated vaguely as CA inhibitors. Derivatives of 2,3-difluorobenzensulfonamide were described in patent (WO 2008017932). Such fluorinated benzenesulfonamides as non substituted 2,6-difluorobenzenesulfonamide and 3,5-difluorobenzenesulfonamide were investigated for the same reason (Krishnamurthy, V. M. et al. (2007), Chem. Asian J. 2, 94). The compound 5-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3-difluorobenzoic acid was described as intermediate compound for preparation of mono fluorinated substituted benzenesulfonamides as CA inhibitors (Vernier, W. et. al. (2010), Biorg. Med. Chem. 18, 3307). But there are a lot of data about substituted difluorobenzenesulfonamides bearing fluorine atoms in different positions and their use for different purposes than CA inhibition. 4-Substituted-2,3-difluorobenzenesulfonamides were intermediates for preparation of benzothiadiazine derivatives, which were used as AMPA receptor modulators (WO 2010004139). Substituted 2,3-difluorobenzenesulfonamides were investigated as prostaglandin E synthase-1 inhibitors (US 20090163586), matrix metalloprotease inhibitors (WO 2009118292). Substituted 2,4-difluorobenzenesulfonamides were intermediates for preparation of benzothiadiazine derivatives, which were used as AMPA receptor modulators (WO 2010004139). Substituted 2,4-difluorobenzenesulfonamides were investigated as mGluR2 antagonists (WO 2007110337, WO 2006099972), TRPV1 inhibitors (US 20080146637), CCR5 antagonists (WO 2004054974), prostaglandin E synthase-1 inhibitors (US 20090163586). Substituted 2,5-difluorobenzenesulfonamides were intermediates for preparation of benzothiadiazine derivatives, which were used as AMPA receptor modulators (WO 2010004139). Substituted 2,5-difluorobenzenesulfonamides were investigated as dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors (CN 101418001). Substituted 2,6-difluorobenzenesulfonamides were intermediates for preparation of benzothiadiazine derivatives, which were used as AMPA receptor modulators (WO 2010004139). Substituted 3,4-difluorobenzenesulfonamides were intermediates for preparation of benzothiadiazine derivatives, which were used as ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel Openers (de Tullio, P. et. al. (2005), J. Med. Chem. 48, 4990). Substituted 3,4-difluorobenzenesulfonamides were intermediates for preparation of N-(phenylsulfonyl)benzamides and N-(3-pyridylsulfonyl)benzamides as apoptosis-inducing agents for the treatment of cancer and immune diseases and autoimmune diseases (US 20110124628). Substituted 3,4-difluorobenzenesulfonamides were investigated as prostaglandin E synthase-1 inhibitors (US 20090163586), CCR5 antagonists (WO 2004054974). Substituted 3,5-difluorobenzenesulfonamides were intermediates for preparation of N-(phenylsulfonyl)benzamides and N-(3-pyridylsulfonyl)benzamides as apoptosis-inducing agents for the treatment of cancer and immune diseases and autoimmune diseases (US 20110124628). Substituted 3,5-difluorobenzenesulfonamides were investigated as prostaglandin E synthase-1 inhibitors (US 20090163586), TGR5 agonists (WO 2010093845, WO 2011071565), for treatment of cancer (WO 2011029842). Substituted 3,6-difluorobenzenesulfonamides were investigated for preparation of substituted imidazolidine-2,4-diones (WO 2008017381).

Despite the fact that a large number of different sulfonamides have been synthesized to date, the available pharmaceutical agents created on the basis of these sulfonamides have a number of shortcomings. One of the main shortcomings is the non-selective inhibition of all carbonic anhydrases throughout the whole human body. This results in various unexpected side effects, mostly because of non-specific inhibition of all CA isoforms and their toxicity.

Presently clinically used CA inhibitors, when acting non-specifically, cause a number of side-effects. Especially toxic are systemic inhibitors. They cause electrolyte disbalance, drowsiness, head-ache, depression, apathy, malaise, irritability, nervousness, fatigue, gut irritability, anorexia, nausea, thirst, obstruction, muscle weakness, tremor, hyper- and hypoglycemia, kidney pain, disuria, bone marrow depression, metabolic acidosis and other.

Therefore, the creation of isoform-specific or organ-selective sulfonamide inhibitors is still an important task.

Invented compounds show great possibility to synthesize fluorinated benzenesulfonamides bearing different substitutes in o, m, p positions according to sulfonamide group. Presence of fluorine atoms in such compounds exerts an acidifying effect on the sulfonamide protons, which correlates with an increase in the CA inhibitory properties. These features enable good possibilities to create isoform-specific sulfonamide inhibitors.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This invention describes new sulfonamides with general structural formula (I)

where

n>1, n<5 (2-4 fluorine atoms in any position),

m≧1, (1-3 A groups are identical or different from each other, at least one A≠H)

A is H, R¹, OH, OR¹, SH, SR¹, S(O)R¹, SO₂R¹, C(O)R¹, C(O)OR¹, OC(O)R¹, NHR¹, N(R¹)₂, C(O)NHR¹, C(O)N(R¹)₂, NHC(O)R¹, NR¹C(O)R¹, NHC(O)OR¹, NR¹C(O)OR¹, NHC(O)NH₂, NHC(O)NHR¹, NHC(O)N(R¹)₂, NR¹C(O)NHR¹, NR¹C(O)N(R¹)₂, SO₂NHR¹, SO₂N(R¹)₂, NHSO₂R¹, NR¹SO₂R¹, NHSO₂NHR¹, NHSO₂N(R¹)₂, NR¹SO₂NHR¹, NR¹SO₂N(R¹)₂, C(O)NHNOH, C(O)NHNOR¹, C(O)NHSO₂R¹, C(NH)NH₂, C(NH)NHR¹, C(NH)N(R¹)₂, NHSO₂NHR¹, NHSO₂N(CH₃)R¹, N(CH₃)SO₂N(CH₃)R¹, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO₂, N₃, C(O)H, CHNOH, CH(NOCH₃), CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)OH, C(O)NH₂,

R¹ is R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷,

R² is phenyl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane,

R³ is heteroaryl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane,

R⁴ is cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloakenyl or heterocycloakynyl, each of which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene,

R⁵ is alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from

R⁵ is R⁸, OH, OR⁸, SH, SR⁸, S(O)R⁸, SO₂R⁸, C(O)R⁸, C(O)OR⁸, OC(O)R⁸, NHR⁸, N(R⁸)₂, C(O)NHR⁸, C(O)N(R⁸)₂, NHC(O)R⁸, NR⁸C(O)R⁸, NHC(O)OR⁸, NR⁸C(O)OR⁸, NHC(O)NH₂, NHC(O)NHR⁸, NHC(O)N(R⁸)₂, NR⁸C(O)NHR⁸, NR⁸C(O)N(R⁸)₂, SO₂NHR⁸, SO₂N(R⁸)₂, NHSO₂R⁸, NR⁸SO₂R⁸, NHSO₂NHR⁸, NHSO₂N(R⁸)₂, NR⁸SO₂NHR⁸, NR⁸SO₂N(R⁸)₂, C(O)NHNOH, C(O)NHNOR⁸, C(O)NHSO₂R⁸, C(NH)NH₂, C(NH)NHR⁸, C(NH)N(R⁸)₂, NHSO₂NHR⁸, NHSO₂N(CH₃)R⁸, N(CH₃)SO₂N(CH₃)R⁸, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO₂, N₃, C(O)H, CHNOH, CH(NOCH₃), CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)OH, C(O)NH₂,

R⁸ is R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², R¹³, R¹⁴,

R⁹ is phenyl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane,

R¹⁰ is heteroaryl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane,

R¹¹ is cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloakenyl or heterocycloakynyl, each of which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene,

R¹² is alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from

NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, I,

R¹³ is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from

NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, I,

R¹⁴ is heteroaryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from

NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, I,

R⁶ is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from

R⁶ is R¹⁵, OH, OR¹⁵, SH, SR¹⁵, S(O)R¹⁵, SO₂R¹⁵, C(O)R¹⁵, C(O)OR¹⁵, OC(O)R¹⁵, NHR¹⁵, N(R¹⁵)₂, C(O)NHR¹⁵, C(O)N(R¹⁵)₂, NHC(O)R¹⁵, NR¹⁵C(O)R¹⁵, NHC(O)OR¹⁵, NR¹⁵C(O)OR¹⁵, NHC(O)NH₂, NHC(O)NHR¹⁵, NHC(O)N(R¹⁵)₂, NR¹⁵C(O)NHR¹⁵, NR¹⁵C(O)N(R¹⁵)₂, SO₂NHR¹⁵, SO₂N(R¹⁵)₂, NHSO₂R¹⁵, NR¹⁵SO₂R¹⁵, NHSO₂NHR¹⁵, NHSO₂N(R¹⁵)₂, NR¹⁵SO₂NHR¹⁵, NR¹⁵SO₂N(R¹⁵)₂, C(O)NHNOH, C(O)NHNOR¹⁵, C(O)NHSO₂R¹⁵, C(NH)NH₂, C(NH)NHR¹⁵, C(NH)N(R¹⁵)₂, NHSO₂NHR¹⁵, NHSO₂N(CH₃)R¹⁵, N(CH₃)SO₂N(CH₃)R¹⁵, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO₂, N₃, C(O)H, CHNOH, CH(NOCH₃), CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)OH, C(O)NH₂,

R¹⁵ is R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, R²¹,

R¹⁶ is phenyl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane,

R¹⁷ is heteroaryl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane,

R¹⁸ is cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloakenyl or heterocycloakynyl, each of which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene,

R¹⁹ is alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from

NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, I,

R²⁰ is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from

NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, I,

R²¹ is heteroaryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from

NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, I,

R⁷ is heteroaryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from

R⁷ is R²², OH, OR²², SH, SR²², S(O)R²², SO₂R²², C(O)R²², C(O)OR²², OC(O)R²², NHR²², N(R²²)₂, C(O)NHR²², C(O)N(R²²)₂, NHC(O)R²², NR²²C(O)R²², NHC(O)OR²², NR²²C(O)OR²², NHC(O)NH₂, NHC(O)NHR²², NHC(O)N(R²²)₂, NR²²C(O)NHR²², NR²²C(O)N(R²²)₂, SO₂NHR²², SO₂N(R²²)₂, NHSO₂R²², NR²²SO₂R²², NHSO₂NHR²², NHSO₂N(R²²)₂, NR²²SO₂NHR²², NR²²SO₂N(R²²)₂, C(O)NHNOH, C(O)NHNOR²², C(O)NHSO₂R²², C(NH)NH₂, C(NH)NHR²², C(NH)N(R²²)₂, NHSO₂NHR²², NHSO₂N(CH₃)R²², N(CH₃)SO₂N(CH₃)R²², F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO₂, N₃, C(O)H, CHNOH, CH(NOCH₃), CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)OH, C(O)NH₂,

R²² is R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, R²⁸,

R²³ is phenyl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane,

R²⁴ is heteroaryl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane,

R²⁵ is cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloakenyl or heterocycloakynyl, each of which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene,

R²⁶ is alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from

NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, I,

R²⁷ is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from

NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, I,

R²⁸ is heteroaryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from

NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, I.

The objects of the invention are also the non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the sulfonamides of general formula (I). They include all salts which retain activity comparable to original compounds and do not attain any harmful and undesirable effects. Such salts are obtained from compounds with general structural formula (I), by mixing their solution with pharmacologically acceptable acids or bases.

Among the pharmaceutically acceptable acids there may be mentioned, without implying any limitation, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, oxalic acid, methanesulphonic acid, benzenesulphonic acid, camphoric acid and other.

Among the pharmaceutically acceptable bases there may be mentioned, without implying any limitation, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, triethylamine and tert-butylamine.

The examples of the implementation of the invention are compounds: 4-substituted-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamides, 2,4-disubstituted-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamides, 2-substituted-3,5,6-trifluorobenzensulfonamides, 3,4-disubstituted-2,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamides, 3,4,5-trisubstituted-2,6-difluorobenzenesulfonamides.

Examples of the invented compounds are selected compounds from the group comprising:

-   2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-hydrazinobenzenesulfonamide; -   4-(2-benzylidenehydrazino)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide; -   2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-{[4-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]sulfonyl}ethyl     acetate; -   2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(propylthio)benzenesulfonamide; -   {[4-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]thio}acetic acid; -   3-{[4-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]thio}propanoic acid; -   6-{[4-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]amino}hexanoic acid; -   2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(phenylthio)benzenesulfonamide; -   2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzenesulfonamide; -   2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-phenoxybenzenesulfonamide; -   4-(benzylthio)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide; -   4-(benzylamino)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide; -   2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-{[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]amino}benzenesulfonamide; -   2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-morpholin-4-ylbenzenesulfonamide; -   2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(mesitylmethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   4-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)thio]-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide; -   4-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylthio)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide; -   4-(1-adamantylamino)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide; -   3-{[4-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]thio}-[1,2,3]thiadiazolo[3,4-a]benzimidazole; -   4-[(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)thio]-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide; -   2-(isopropylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-(benzylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-[(1-phenylethyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-morpholin-4-yl-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-(cyclohexylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-(cycloheptylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-(cyclooctylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-(cyclododecylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-[(2,6-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-[(1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalen-1-ylamino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-{[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]amino}-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-(cyclooctylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-(cyclododecylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-[(2,6-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-[(1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalen-1-ylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-{[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]amino}-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; -   2-(cyclooctylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-(propylthio)benzenesulfonamide; -   2-(cyclooctylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-{[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]amino}benzenesulfonamide; -   2-(cyclooctylamino)-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide; -   2-(cyclododecylamino)-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide; -   2-[(2,6-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide; -   2-[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide; -   2-[(1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino]-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide; -   2-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalen-1-ylamino)-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide; -   3-(methylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-(tert-butyl amino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenyl     ethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-(benzylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-morpholin-4-yl-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-(cyclooctylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-(cyclododecylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-[(2,6-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-(1-adamantylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-[(1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalen-1-ylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-{[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]amino}-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-{[(1R,2S)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]amino}-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-(benzylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-(cyclooctylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-(cyclododecylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-[(2,6-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-[(1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)     sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalen-1-ylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3-{[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]amino}-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3,5-bis(cyclooctylamino)-2,6-difluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; -   3,5-bis[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2,6-difluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide;

Demonstration, that all above listed compounds exhibit CA inhibitor properties.

The starting materials used are products that are known or that are prepared according to known operating procedures.

The structures of the compounds described in the Examples were determined according to the usual spectrophotometric techniques (infrared, NMR, mass spectrometry).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Abbreviations Used in the Text

AZM—acetazolamide,

CA—carbonic anhydrase,

DMSO—dimethyl sulfoxide,

Et₃N—triethylamine,

EZA—ethoxzolamide,

HRMS—high-resolution mass spectrometry,

ITC—isothermal titration calorimetry,

K_(d)—dissociation constant,

NMR—nuclear magnetic resonance,

Ph—phenyl,

TSA—fluorescent thermal shift assay.

New compounds of the invention are obtained according to general synthesis schemes A-J.

Scheme A.

Synthesis of 4-substituted-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamides (compounds 2a-x). Sulfonamides 2a, c, f-j, l-p, r-x were obtained from compound 1 by using appropriate nucleophile in ethanol, methanol or DMSO in the presence of Et₃N or K₂CO₃ (excess of nucleophile was used in several cases instead of mentioned bases). The compounds 2d, e were prepared by oxidation of 2c with CH₃COOH\H₂O₂. Oxidation of the compounds 2j, p with CrO₃ gave 2k, q. The reaction of 2a with benzaldehyde leaded to formation of 2b.

Scheme B.

Synthesis of 2-substituted-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamides (compounds 3a-o). Sulfonamides 3a-o were obtained from compound 2p by using appropriate nucleophile in DMSO in the presence of Et₃N.

Scheme C.

Synthesis of 2-substituted-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamides (compounds 4a-g). Sulfonamides 4a-g were obtained from compound 2c by using appropriate nucleophile in DMSO in the presence of Et₃N.

Scheme D.

Synthesis of 2-(cyclooctylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-(propylthio)benzenesulfonamide (compound 5). The compound 5 was obtained from compound 2f by using cyclooctylamine in DMSO in the presence of Et₃N.

Scheme E.

Synthesis of 2-(cyclooctylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-{[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]amino}benzensulfonamide (compound 6). The compound 6 was obtained from compound 2o by using cyclooctylamine in DMSO in the presence of Et₃N.

Scheme F.

Synthesis of 2-substituted-3,5,6-trifluorobenzensulfonamides (compounds 8a-f). Sulfonamides 8a-f were obtained from compound 7 by using appropriate nucleophile in DMSO in the presence of Et₃N.

Scheme G.

Synthesis of 3-substituted-2,5,6-tri fluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamides (compounds 9a-o). Sulfonamides 9d, f-o were obtained from compound 2q by using appropriate nucleophile in DMSO in presence of Et₃N. The compound 9a was synthesized using excess of methylamine in MeOH. The compound 9c was synthesized in MeOH in presence of Et₃N. Fluorinated derivatives 9b, 9e were obtained by using 2 eq of nucleophile in DMSO.

Scheme H.

Synthesis of 3-substituted-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamides (compounds 10a-h). Sulfonamides 10c-h were obtained from compound 2d by using 2 eq of appropriate nucleophile in DMSO. The compounds 10a, b were synthesized in MeOH.

Scheme I.

Synthesis of 3,5-bis(cyclooctylamino)-2,6-difluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (compound 11). The compound 11 was obtained from compound 2q by using 2 eq of cyclooctylamine in DMSO in the presence of Et₃N.

Scheme J.

Synthesis of 3,5-bis[(3,4-dimetoxybenzyl)amino-2,6-difluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (compound 12). The compound 12 was obtained from compound 2d by using 4 eq of 3,4-dimethoxybenzylamine in DMSO.

Embodiments of the Invention

Represented below are specific examples of invention compounds synthesis. These examples are presented only for illustrative purpose of the invention; they do not limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1. Preparation of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-hydrazinobenzenesulfonamide (Compound 2a)

The mixture of pentafluorobenzenesulfonamide (compound 1) (0.32 g, 1.295 mmol), NH₂NH₂×H₂O (0.126 mL, 2.59 mmol), and EtOH (10 mL) was stirred at ambient temperature for 24 h. EtOH was evaporated in vacuum and the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed with H₂O. Recrystallization was accomplished from H₂O. Yield: 0.2 g, 60%, decomp. at 160-161° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 4.68 (2H, s, NH₂), 7.75 (1H, s, NH), 7.98 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 108.6 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz), 135 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 136 (C3, C5, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz), 144.1 (C2, C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −143.05 (2F, d, J=15.8 Hz), −160.15 (2F, d, J=17.2 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₆H₅F₄N₃O₂S [(M+H)⁺]: 335.9782. found: 335.9780.

Example 2. Preparation of 4-(2-benzylidenehydrazino)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide (Compound 2b)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-hydrazinobenzenesulfonamide (compound 2a) (0.13 g, 0.5 mmol), benzaldehyde (0.051 mL, 0.5 mmol), and MeOH (10 mL) was stirred at ambient temperature for 4 h. MeOH was evaporated in vacuum. Recrystallization was accomplished from iPrOH. Yield: 0.14 g, 82%, decomp. at 272-273° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 7.35-7.55 (3H, m, Ph), 7.6-7.75 (2H, m, Ph), 8.12 (1H, s, NH), 8.25 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 10.96 (1H, s, CH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 111.7 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz), 127.1 (Ph), 128.5 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 129.5 (Ph), 130.1 (Ph), 135.1 (Ph), 136.3 (C3, C5, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=244 Hz), 144.7 (CH), 144.5 (C2, C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=251 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −141.6 (2F, d, J=16.4 Hz), −156.6 (2F, d, J=18 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₃H₉F₄N₃O₂S [(M+H)⁺]: 348.0424. found: 348.0433.

Example 3. Preparation of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 2d)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (compound 2c) (0.1 g, 0.33 mmol), CH₃COOH (2 mL), H₂O (1 mL) was heated at 70° C. for 22 h. H₂O₂ was added by portions (0.2 mL) every 4 h (overall amount 1 mL). The progress of reaction was monitored by TLC. The solvent was then removed in vacuum and crude product was purified by crystallization from H₂O. Yield: 0.067 g, 61%, mp 139-140° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.75 (2H, t, J=5.4 Hz, SO₂ CH ₂CH₂), 3.86 (2H, t, J=5.4 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 5.01 (1H, br s, OH), 8.65 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 55.9 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 60.2 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 123.4 (C1 or C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 128 (C1 or C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 143.5 (C3, C5 or C2, C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=254 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=18 Hz), 145 (C3, C5 or C2, C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=248 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C) 15 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −136.7 (2F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −137.6 (2F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=12 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₈H₇F₄NO₅S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 335.9629. found: 335.9635.

Example 4. Preparation of 2-{[4-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]sulfonyl}ethyl acetate (Compound 2e)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (compound 2c) (0.1 g, 0.33 mmol), CH₃COOH (2 mL) was heated at 70° C. for 24 h. H₂O₂ was added by portions (0.1 mL) every 8 h (overall amount 0.3 mL). The progress of reaction was monitored by TLC. The solvent was then removed in vacuum and crude product was purified by two times crystallization from H₂O. Yield: 0.04 g, 36%, mp 154° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 1.85 (3H, s, CH₃), 4.04 (2H, t, J=5.4 Hz, SO₂ CH ₂CH₂), 4.43 (2H, t, J=5.4 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂ ), 8.7 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 20.8 (CH₃), 56.6 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 58 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 122 (C1 or C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz), 128.6 (C1 or C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 143.7 (C3, C5 or C2, C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=255 Hz), 145 (C3, C5 or C2, C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=248 Hz), 170.2 (C═O).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −136.2 (2F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −137.1 (2F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=12 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₀H₉F₄NO₆S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 377.9735. found: 377.9737.

Example 5. Preparation of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 2c), 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(propylthio)benzenesulfonamide (Compound 2f), {[4-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]thio}acetic acid (Compound 2 g), 3-{[4-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]thio}propanoic acid (Compound 2 h), 6-{[4-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]amino}hexanoic acid (Compound 2i), 4-(benzylthio)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide (Compound 2m), 4-(benzylamino)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide (Compound 2n), 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-{[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]amino}benzenesulfonamide (Compound 2o), 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 2p), 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(mesitylmethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 2s), 3-{[4-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]thio}-[1,2,3]thiadiazolo[3,4-a]benzimidazole (Compound 2w)

The mixture of pentafluorobenzenesulfonamide (compound 1) (0.25 g, 1 mmol), MeOH (10 mL), Et₃N (0.141 mL, 1.01 mmol) and appropriate nucleophile (1.1 mmol) was refluxed. The compounds 2c, h, i, n, p, s were obtained after 8 h, the compound 2f was obtained after 10 h, the compounds 2g and 2o were obtained after 15 h, the compound 2m was obtained after 4 h, the compound 2w was obtained after 1 h. MeOH was evaporated in vacuum and the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed with H₂O (except 2 g, h, i).

The compound 2c. Recrystallization was accomplished from H₂O. Yield: 0.22 g, 71%, mp 111-112° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.16 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.6 (2H, k, J=6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 4.97 (1H, t, J=3.6 Hz, OH), 8.43 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 37.3 (SCH₂ CH₂), 61.4 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 119.95 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=14 Hz), 122.85 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14.9 Hz), 143.2 (C2, C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=254 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 147 (C3, C5, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=228 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −133.54 (2F, dd, ¹J=26.8 Hz, ²J=13.8 Hz), −139.97 (2F, dd, ¹J=26.2 Hz, ²J=12.7 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₈H₇F₄NO₃S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 303.9731. found: 303.9729.

The compound 2f. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH:H₂O (2:1). Yield: 0.25 g, 81%, mp 120° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 0.96 (3H, t, J=7.2 Hz, CH₃), 1.55 (2H, sex, J=7.2 Hz, CH₂), 3.04 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz, CH₂), 8.41 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 13.3 (CH₃), 23.5 (CH₂), 36.4 (CH₂), 119.2 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=20 Hz), 123.1 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 143.2 (C2, C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=254 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=17 Hz), 147.2 (C3, C5, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=244 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −133.9 (2F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=11 Hz), −139.6 (2F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=14 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₉H₉F₄NO₂S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 301.9938. found: 301.9940.

The compound 2 g. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with ethyl acetate. Yield: 0.12 g, 38%, mp 158-159° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.9 (2H, s, CH₂), 8.44 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 12.8 (1H, br s, COOH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 36 (CH₂), 118.8 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=20 Hz), 123.3 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 143.1 (C2, C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=254 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 147 (C3, C5, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=249 Hz), 170.3 (COOH).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −133.6 (2F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=10 Hz), −139.8 (2F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=12 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₈H₅F₄NO₄S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 317.9523. found: 317.9525.

The compound 2 h. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with ethyl acetate. Yield: 0.2 g, 59%, mp 168-169° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 2.59 (2H, t, J=6.9 Hz, CH₂), 3.21 (2H, t, J=6.6 Hz, CH₂), 8.42 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 12.4 (1H, br s, COOH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 30.1 (CH₂), 35.4 (CH₂), 118.8 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=20 Hz), 123.4 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 143.2 (C2, C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=254 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz), 147.3 (C3, C5, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=241 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=19 Hz), 173.1 (COOH).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −133.3 (2F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=10 Hz), −139.6 (2F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=10 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₉H₇F₄NO₄S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 331.968. found: 331.9683.

The compound 2i. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with ethyl acetate. Yield: 0.15 g, 42%, mp 142-144° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 1.2-1.6 (8H, m, (CH₂)₄), 2.22 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz, CH₂), 6.7 (1H, s, NH), 7.93 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 12.01 (1H, s, COOH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 24.9 (CH₂), 26.3 (CH₂), 30.7 (CH₂), 34.3 (CH₂), 44.7 (CH₂), 108.2 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 132 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 136.4 (C2, C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=238 Hz), 144.7 (C3, C5, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=247 Hz), 175.1 (COOH).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −142.7 (2F, d, J=16.6 Hz), −161.69 (2F, d, J=18.3 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₂H₁₄F₄N₂O₄S [(M−H)⁻]: 357.0538. found: 357.0542.

The compound 2m. Recrystallization was accomplished from iPrOH. Yield: 0.23 g, 64%, mp 184° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 4.3 (2H, s, CH₂), 7.1-7.5 (5H, m, ArH), 8.44 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 38.6 (CH₂), 118.5 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=21 Hz), 123.6 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 128.4 (Ar), 129.3 (Ar), 129.5 (Ar), 137.4 (Ar), 143.1 (C2, C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=254 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz), 147.3 (C3, C5, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=248 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −132.8 (2F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=11 Hz), −139.8 (2F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=10 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₃H₉F₄NO₂S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 349.9938. found: 349.9940.

The compound 2n. Recrystallization was accomplished from H₂O:EtOH (1:1). Yield: 0.21 g, 62%, mp 132-133° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 4.56 (2H, d, J=6.3 Hz, CH₂), 7.2-7.6 (6H, m, NH, ArH), 7.98 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 47.9 (CH₂), 109 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz), 127.2 (Ar), 127.7 (Ar), 129 (Ar), 131.8 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 136.7 (C2, C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz), 140.5 (Ar), 144.3 (C3, C5, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=241 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −142.51 (2F, d, J=18.3 Hz), −160.38 (2F, d, J=18.3 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₃H₁₀F₄N₂O₂S [(M+H)⁺]: 335.0472. found: 335.0472.

The compound 2o. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH:H₂O (1:2). Yield: 0.25 g, 68%, decomp. at 100° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 2.74 (2H, t, J=7.8 Hz, CH₂), 3.45-3.6 (2H, m, CH₂), 6.7 (2H, d, J=8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.01 (2H, d, J=8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.96 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 9.23 (1H, s, NH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 36.5 (CH₂), 46.8 (CH₂), 108.4 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 115.9 (Ar), 129.4 (Ar), 130.3 (Ar), 131.9 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 136.5 (C2, C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz), 144.4 (C3, C5, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz), 156.5 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −142.6 (2F, d, J=19 Hz), −161.4 (2F, d, J=18 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₄H₁₂F₄N₂O₃S [(M−H)⁻]: 363.0432. found: 363.0435.

The compound 2p. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH:H₂O (2:1). Yield: 0.24 g, 71%, mp 121° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 2.91 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.37 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 7.1-7.4 (5H, m, ArH), 8.41 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 35.4 (SCH₂ CH₂), 36.6 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 119 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=20 Hz), 122.9 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 127.2 (Ar), 128.9 (Ar), 129.3 (Ar), 139.7 (Ar), 143.2 (C2, C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=257 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz), 147 (C3, C5, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=249 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −133.45 (2F, dd, ¹J=26.5 Hz, ²J=13.5 Hz), −139.8 (2F, dd, ¹J=25.6 Hz, ²J=10.7 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₄H₁₁F₄NO₂S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 364.0095. found: 364.0100.

The compound 2s. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH. Yield: 0.29 g, 73%, mp 213-214° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 2.23 (3H, s, CH₃), 2.3 (6H, s, CH₃), 4.31 (2H, s, CH₂), 6.89 (2H, s, ArH), 8.47 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 19.6 (CH₃), 21.3 (CH₃), 34.3 (CH₂), 119.2 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=21 Hz), 123.6 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=18 Hz), 129.4 (Ar), 129.7 (Ar), 137.8 (Ar), 137.9 (Ar), 143.3 (C2, C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=253 Hz), 147.4 (C3, C5, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=243 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −133.1 (2F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=10 Hz), −139.5 (2F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=11 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₆H₁₅F₄NO₂S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 392.0408. found: 392.0412.

The compound 2w. The obtained compound was washed with MeOH. Yield: 0.13 g, 30%, decomp. at 233-234° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 7.33 (1H, t, J=7.8 Hz, ArH), 7.57 (1H, t, J=8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.81 (1H, d, J=8.7 Hz, ArH), 8.2 (1H, d, J=8.1 Hz, ArH), 8.55 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 118.4 (Ar), 120.2 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 125.9 (Ar), 126 (Ar), 127.7 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 130 (Ar), 133.2 (Ar), 133.4 (Ar), 148 (C2, C6, d, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=254 Hz), 152 (C3, C5, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=236 Hz), 158.7 (Ar), 158.8 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −127.24 (2F, dd, ¹J=25.9 Hz, ²J=11.3 Hz), −134 (2F, dd, ¹J=25.9 Hz, ²J=10.7 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₄H₆F₄N₄O₂S₃ [(M+H)⁺]: 434.9662. found: 434.9667.

Example 6. Preparation of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(phenylthio)benzenesulfonamide (Compound 2j)

The mixture of pentafluorobenzenesulfonamide (compound 1) (0.28 g, 1.13 mmol), MeOH (10 mL), Et₃N (0.158 mL, 1.13 mmol) and HSPh (0.116 mL, 1.13 mmol) was stirred at ambient temperature for 2 h. MeOH was evaporated in vacuum and the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed with H₂O. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH:H₂O (2:1). Yield: 0.28 g, 74%, mp 139° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 7.2-7.8 (5H, m, ArH), 8.47 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 117.7 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=19.6 Hz), 124.5 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=16.3 Hz), 128.7 (Ar), 130.3 (Ar), 130.4 (Ar), 132.4 (Ar), 143.5 (C2, C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=255 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 147.2 (C3, C5, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −132.59 (2F, dd, ¹J=24.5 Hz, ²J=11.6 Hz), −138.75 (2F, dd, ¹J=24.5 Hz, ²J=10.4 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₂H₇F₄NO₂S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 335.9782. found: 335.9780.

Example 7. Preparation of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzenesulfonamide (Compound 2k)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(phenylthio)benzenesulfonamide (compound 2j) (0.2 g, 0.59 mmol), CrO₃ (0.18 g, 1.8 mmol), CH₃COOH (10 mL), H₂O (0.5 mL) was heated at 70° C. for 2 h. The solvent was then removed in vacuum and the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed with H₂O. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH. Yield: 0.17 g, 77%, mp 266-267° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 7.77 (2H, t, J=7.8 Hz, ArH), 7.87 (1H, t, J=7.5 Hz, ArH), 8.09 (2H, d, J=7.8 Hz, ArH), 8.59 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 123 (C1, C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 128.4 (Ar), 130.7 (Ar), 136.2 (Ar), 140.4 (Ar), 143.8 (C2, C6 or C3, C5, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=258 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=18 Hz), 144.4 (C2, C6 or C3, C5, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=258 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=18 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −136.6 (4F, s).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₂H₇F₄NO₄S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 367.968. found: 367.9684.

Example 8. Preparation of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-phenoxybenzenesulfonamide (Compound 2l)

The mixture of pentafluorobenzenesulfonamide (compound 1) (0.2 g, 0.81 mmol), sodium phenoxide trihydrate (0.145 g, 0.85 mmol) and DMSO (1 mL) was stirred at ambient temperature for 4 h. The mixture was then diluted with H₂O (20 mL) and the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed with H₂O. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH:H₂O (1:2). Yield: 0.07 g, 27%, mp 164-165° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 7.0-7.6 (5H, m, ArH), 8.44 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 116.4 (Ar), 120.4 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz), 125 (Ar), 130.9 (Ar), 136.3 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz), 141.9 (C3, C5, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=250 Hz), 144.4 (C2, C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=256 Hz), 157 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −139.6 (2F, d, J=16 Hz), −154 (2F, d, J=16 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₂H₇F₄NO₃S [(M−H)⁻]: 320.001. found: 320.0008.

Example 9. Preparation of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 2q)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (2p) (0.1 g, 0.27 mmol), CrO₃ (0.082 g, 0.82 mmol), CH₃COOH (10 mL), H₂O (0.2 mL) was heated at 60° C. for 4 h. The resultant precipitate was filtered, washed with H₂O. Yield: 0.07 g, 64%, mp 248-249° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.12 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.97 (2H, t, J=7.8 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 7.1-7.4 (5H, m, ArH), 8.66 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 28.6 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 58 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 121.5 (C1 or C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 127.5 (Ar), 128.2 (C1 or C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 128.9 (Ar), 129.2 (Ar), 137.4 (Ar), 143.5 (C2, C6 or C3, C5, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=258 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz), 144.8 (C2, C6 or C3, C5, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=255 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −136 (2F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −137.1 (2F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=12 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₄H₁₁F₄NO₄S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 395.9993. found: 395.9996.

Example 10. Preparation of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-morpholin-4-ylbenzenesulfonamide (Compound 2r)

The mixture of pentafluorobenzenesulfonamide (compound 1) (0.2 g, 0.809 mmol), MeOH (10 mL), morpholine (0.141 mL, 1.62 mmol) was refluxed for 8 h. MeOH was evaporated in vacuum and the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed with H₂O. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH:H₂O (1:1). Yield: 0.13 g, 52%, mp 233-234° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.32 (4H, br s, 2CH₂), 3.7 (4H, br s, 2CH₂), 8.2 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 51.2 (N(CH₂)₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3.6 Hz), 67.2 (O(CH₂)₂), 115.4 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=19 Hz), 133.3 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 144.7 (C3, C5, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=256 Hz), 146.3 (C2, C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=244 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −141.6 (2F, d, J=15.8 Hz), −151.2 (2F, d, J=16.6 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₀H₁₀F₄N₂O₃S [(M+H)⁺]: 315.0421. found: 315.0426.

Example 11. Preparation of 4-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)thio]-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide (2t), 4-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylthio)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide (2u), 4-[(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)thio]-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide (2x)

The mixture of pentafluorobenzenesulfonamide (compound 1) (0.1 g, 0.404 mmol), K₂CO₃ (0.056 g, 0.406 mmol), DMSO (2 mL) and appropriate nucleophile (0.404 mmol) was stirred at ambient temperature for 5 h. The mixture was then diluted with H₂O (20 mL) and extracted with EtAc (2×10 mL). The combined organic phase was dried over Na₂SO₄ and evaporated in vacuum.

The compound 2t. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH:H₂O (2:1). Yield: 0.12 g, 80%, mp 131-132° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 2.34 (6H, s, 2CH₃), 7.15 (1H, s, ArH), 8.58 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 24 (CH₃), 114.1 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=20 Hz), 118.5 (Ar), 125.5 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz), 143.3 (C2, C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=255 Hz), 147.7 (C3, C5, d, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=248 Hz), 166.3 (Ar), 169 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −130.65 (2F, dd, ¹J=25.4 Hz, ²J=10.7 Hz), −139.25 (2F, dd, ¹J=26.2 Hz, ²J=11 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₂H₉F₄N₃O₂S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 368.0145. found: 368.0142.

The compound 2u. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH:H₂O (2:1). Yield: 0.11 g, 69%, mp 171° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 7.44 (1H, t, J=8.1 Hz, ArH), 7.51 (1H, t, J=8.1 Hz, ArH), 7.9 (1H, d, J=7.5 Hz, ArH), 8.06 (1H, d, J=8.4 Hz, ArH), 8.65 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 113.8 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=20 Hz), 122.7 (Ar), 122.9 (Ar), 126.2 (Ar), 126.5 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 127.5 (Ar), 136 (Ar), 143.5 (C2, C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=254 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 147.6 (C3, C5, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=250 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 153.1 (Ar), 162.4 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −130.52 (2F, dd, ¹J=24.8 Hz, ²J=11.6 Hz), −137.87 (2F, dd, ¹J=24.8 Hz, ²J=11.6 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₃H₆F₄N₂O₂S₃ [(M−H)⁻]: 392.9455. found: 392.9457.

The compound 2x. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH:H₂O (2:1). Yield: 0.12 g, 63%, mp 221-122° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 7.2-7.5 (10H, m, ArH), 8.51 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 13.2 (1H, br s, NH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 116 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 124.1 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 128.3 (br s, Ar), 129.3 (br s, Ar), 133.9 (Ar), 143.3 (C2, C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=253 Hz), 146.7 (C3, C5, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=250 Hz).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆, CF₃COOH): 115.1 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 125 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 128.6 (Ar), 129.3 (Ar), 129.5 (Ar), 130.2 (Ar), 133.4 (Ar), 134.2 (Ar), 143.5 (C2, C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=255 Hz), 146.9 (C3, C5, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=255 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −133.53 (2F, dd, J=24.8 Hz, J=10.2 Hz), −139.13 (2F, dd, J=24.8 Hz, J=10.2 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₁H₁₃F₄N₃O₂S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 480.0458. found: 480.0449.

Example 12. Preparation of 4-(1-adamantylamino)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide (Compound 2v)

The mixture of pentafluorobenzenesulfonamide (compound 1) (0.2 g, 0.81 mmol), Et₃N (0.226 mL, 1.62 mmol), adamantanamine hydrochloride (0.15 g, 0.81 mmol) and DMSO (2 mL) was stirred at ambient temperature for 48 h. The mixture was then diluted with H₂O (20 mL) and extracted with EtAc (2×10 mL). The combined organic phase was dried over Na₂SO₄ and evaporated in vacuum. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:4), R_(f)=0.63. Yield: 0.04 g, 12%, mp 122-123° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.6-1.8 (6H, m, adamantane), 1.8-2 (6H, m, adamantane), 2.1-2.25 (3H, m, adamantane), 4.05 (1H, s, NH), 5.59 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 30.1 (adamantane), 36.1 (adamantane), 43.6 (adamantane), 54.8 (adamantane), 110.2 (C1), 130.4 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz), 138 (C2, C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=248 Hz), 144.5 (C3, C5, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=251 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −141.53 (2F, d, J=16 Hz), −152.4 (2F, d, J=17.5 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₆H₁₈F₄N₂O₂S [(M−H)⁻]: 377.0952. found: 377.0952.

Example 13. Preparation of 2-(isopropylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 3a), 2-(benzylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 3b), 2-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 3c), 2-[(1-phenylethyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (compound 3d), 2-morpholin-4-yl-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (compound 3e), 2-(cyclohexylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 3f), 2-(cycloheptylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 3 g), 2-(cyclooctylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 3 h), 2-(cyclododecylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 3i) 2-[(2,6-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 3j), 2-[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 3k), 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 31), 2-[(1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 3m), 2-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalen-1-ylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 3n), 2-{[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]amino}-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (compound 3o)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (compound 2p) (0.2 g, 0.55 mmol), Et₃N (0.08 mL, 0.57 mmol), DMSO (1 mL) and appropriate nucleophile (0.57 mmol) was stirred at 60° C. for 16 h, compounds 3n, o were obtained after 40 h, compound 3e was obtained after stirring at 70° C. for 26 h. The mixture was then diluted with H₂O (20 mL) and extracted with EtAc (3×10 mL). The combined organic phase was dried over MgSO₄ and evaporated in vacuum.

The compound 3a. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (5%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.51. Yield: 0.12 g, 55%, mp 47-48° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.23 (6H, dd, ¹J=6.3 Hz, ²J=1.2 Hz, 2CH₃), 2.94 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.28 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.84-3.95 (1H, m, CH), 5.52 (2H, br s, SO₂NH₂), 7.2-7.4 (5H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 24 (2CH₃), 35.4 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3.7 Hz), 36.8 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 48.4 (CH, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 117.4 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 119.9 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=21 Hz), 127 (Ar), 128.8 (Ar), 132.6 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 139.4 (Ar), 142.2 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 145 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=247 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 148.6 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=243 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −125.1 (C3-F, d, J=11 Hz), −143.4 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −148.5 (C6-F, d, J=26 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₇H₁₉F₃N₂O₂S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 405.0913. found: 405.0918.

The compound 3b. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:14), Rf=0.45. Yield: 0.15 g, 60%, mp 94-95° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 2.74 (2H, t, J=7.4 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.19 (2H, t, J=7.5 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 4.51 (2H, dd, ¹J=6.3 Hz, ²J=4.2 Hz, NHCH₂ ), 6.81 (1H, td, ¹J=6.4 Hz, ²J=1.8 Hz, NH), 7.1-7.4 (10H, m, ArH), 8.2 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 35.3 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3.2 Hz), 36.3 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 50.5 (NHCH₂, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 118 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=19 Hz), 119.2 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4.5 Hz), 127.1 (Ar), 127.9 (Ar), 128.1 (Ar), 129 (Ar), 129.2 (Ar), 129.22 (Ar), 132.9 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz), 139.8 (Ar), 140.1 (Ar), 141.8 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=234 Hz), 144.8 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=261 Hz), 148.1 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=242 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −121.2 (C3-F, d, J=9 Hz), −138.1 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −145.4 (C6-F, d, J=27 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₁H₁₉F₃N₂O₂S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 453.0913. found: 453.0917.

The compound 3c. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (10%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.53. Yield: 0.24 g, 92%, 90-91° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 2.9-3.0 (4H, m, SCH₂ CH₂ , NHCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.29 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.6-3.75 (2H, m, NHCH₂ ), 5.21 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 7.2-7.4 (10H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 35.4 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 36.8 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 37.1 (NHCH₂ CH₂ ), 48.2 (NHCH₂, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11.5 Hz), 116.3 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 120 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=22 Hz), 126.9 (Ar), 127 (Ar), 128.8 (Ar), 128.9 (Ar), 129.2 (Ar), 133.1 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz), 139 (Ar), 139.4 (Ar), 141.9 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=242 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 145 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=253 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 148.2 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=242 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −126.6 (C3-F, d, J=11 Hz), −143.6 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −149.1 (C6-F, d, J=28 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₂H₂₁F₃N₂O₂S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 467.1069. found: 467.1077.

The compound 3d. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (5%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.75. Yield: 0.15 g, 58%.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.59 (3H, dd, ¹J=7 Hz, ²J=1 Hz, CH₃), 2.78 (2H, td, ¹J=7.5 Hz, ²J=3 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.13 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 4.85-4.95 (1H, m, CH), 5.33 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 7.1-7.4 (10H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 24.6 (CH₃), 35.5 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3.5 Hz), 36.7 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 56.4 (NHCH, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 117.5 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=5 Hz), 119.8 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=19.5 Hz), 126.3 (Ar), 126.9 (Ar), 127.7 (Ar), 128.8 (Ar), 128.8 (Ar), 128.9 (Ar), 132.3 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 139.4 (Ar), 142.4 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=240 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 144.9 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=248 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 148.8 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=244 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −122.5 (C3-F, d, J=11 Hz), −143.2 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −147.4 (C6-F, d, J=26 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₂H₂₁F₃N₂O₂S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 467.1069. found: 467.1069.

The compound 3e. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:3), Rf=0.38. Yield: 0.1 g, 42%, mp 149-150° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 2.9-3.05 (4H, m, SCH₂ CH₂ , morpholine), 3.33 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.48 (2H, t, J=11 Hz, morpholine), 3.73 (2H, t, J=11 Hz, morpholine), 4.0 (2H, d, J=11 Hz, morpholine), 6.12 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 7.15-7.35 (5H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 35.3 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 36.9 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 51.3 (morpholine, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=6 Hz), 67.7 (morpholine), 120.3 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=21 Hz), 127.1 (Ar), 128.8 (Ar), 128.9 (Ar), 129.5 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=7 Hz), 131.7 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 139.1 (Ar), 143.9 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=260 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 149.6 (C5 or C6, ddd, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=250 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=6 Hz), 157.8 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=251 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −118.8 (C3-F, d, J=13 Hz), −131.5 (C6-F, d, J=25 Hz), −143 (C5-F, d, ¹J=24 Hz, ²J=13 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₈H₁₉F₃N₂O₃S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 433.0862. found: 433.0863.

The compound 3f. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:9), Rf=0.63. Yield: 0.12 g, 50%, mp 62-63° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.2-1.5 (5H, m, cyclohexane), 1.6-1.7 (1H, m, cyclohexane), 1.7-1.85 (2H, m, cyclohexane), 1.9-2.05 (2H, m, cyclohexane), 2.93 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.27 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.6-3.7 (1H, m, CH of cyclohexane), 5.57 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 6.16 (1H, br s, NH), 7.2-7.4 (5H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 25 (cyclohexane), 25.8 (cyclohexane), 34.4 (cyclohexane), 35.4 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 36.8 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 55.3 (CH of cyclohexane, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 117.2 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 119.6 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=22 Hz), 127 (Ar), 128.8 (Ar), 132.6 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 139.4 (Ar), 142 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=240 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 145 (C5 or C6, ddd, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=248 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 148.5 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=243 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −125.1 (C3-F, d, J=10 Hz), −143.5 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −149 (C6-F, d, J=27 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₀H₂₃F₃N₂O₂S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 445.1226. found: 445.1235.

The compound 3 g. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (5%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.63. Yield: 0.12 g, 48%.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.4-1.8 (10H, m, cycloheptane), 1.9-2.1 (2H, m, cycloheptane), 2.94 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.27 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.7-3.8 (1H, m, CH of cycloheptane), 5.57 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 6 (1H, br s, NH), 7.1-7.4 (5H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 24.1 (cycloheptane), 28.3 (cycloheptane), 35.4 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 36.1 (cycloheptane), 36.8 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 57.5 (CH of cycloheptane, d, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=10 Hz), 117.2 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 119.7 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=19 Hz), 127 (Ar), 128.8 (Ar), 132.5 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 139.5 (Ar), 142 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C) 240 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 145 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=250 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 148.5 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=243 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −125.1 (C3-F, d, J=11 Hz), −143.4 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −148.9 (C6-F, d, J=25 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₁H₂₅F₃N₂O₂S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 459.1382. found: 459.1388.

The compound 3 h. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:6), Rf=0.8. Yield: 0.14 g, 54%.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.4-1.8 (12H, m, cyclooctane), 1.85-2 (2H, m, cyclooctane), 2.94 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.27 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.75-3.9 (1H, m, CH of cyclooctane), 5.45 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 7.1-7.4 (5H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 23.7 (cyclooctane), 25.8 (cyclooctane), 27.5 (cyclooctane), 33.1 (cyclooctane), 35.4 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 36.8 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 56.3 (CH of cyclooctane, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=10 Hz), 117 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=6 Hz), 119.8 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=18 Hz), 127 (Ar), 128.8 (Ar), 132.6 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 139.5 (Ar), 141.8 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 145.1 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=245 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 148.5 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=243 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −124.9 (C3-F, d, J=11 Hz), −143.4 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −149.2 (C6-F, d, J=25 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₂H₂₇F₃N₂O₂S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 473.1539. found: 473.1548.

The compound 3i. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (5%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.65. Yield: 0.12 g, 41%, mp 98-99° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.3-1.8 (22H, m, cyclododecane), 2.94 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.27 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.84 (1H, br s, CH of cyclododecane), 5.4 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 7.1-7.4 (5H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 21.3 (cyclododecane), 23.4 (cyclododecane), 23.5 (cyclododecane), 24.3 (cyclododecane), 24.6 (cyclododecane), 31 (cyclododecane), 35.4 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3.7 Hz), 36.8 (SCH₂CH₂), 53.6 (CH of cyclododecane, d, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=11 Hz), 116.7 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=6 Hz), 119.8 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=18 Hz), 127 (Ar), 128.8 (Ar), 133.1 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 139.4 (Ar), 141.7 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=237 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 145.1 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=244.5 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 148.4 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=242.6 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −120.1 (C3-F, d, J=11 Hz), −138.6 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=23 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −144.7 (C6-F, d, J=26 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₆H₃₅F₃N₂O₂S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 529.2165. found: 529.2164.

The compound 3j. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (5%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.53. Yield: 0.2 g, 71%, mp 118-119° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 2.96 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.3 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.79 (6H, s, 2CH₃), 4.53 (2H, d, J=1.5 Hz, NHCH₂ ), 5.25 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 6.55 (2H, d, J=8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.2-7.4 (6H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 35.5 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 36.8 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 40.3 (NHCH₂, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 56 (2CH₃), 104 (Ar), 115.3 (Ar), 119.1 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=19 Hz), 119.6 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 127 (Ar), 128.85 (Ar), 128.87 (Ar), 129.6 (Ar), 133.6 (C2, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3.3 Hz), 139.5 (Ar), 143.3 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=242 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 144.4 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=251 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 150.5 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=245 Hz), 158.8 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −122.4 (C3-F, d, J=12 Hz), −144.2 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=24 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −146.3 (C6-F, d, J=25 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₃H₂₃F₃N₂O₄S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 513.1124. found: 513.1122.

The compound 3k. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (5%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.43. Yield: 0.13 g, 46%, mp 104-105° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 2.87 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.22 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.81 (3H, s, CH₃), 3.88 (3H, s, CH₃), 4.35 (2H, d, J=3.3 Hz, NHCH₂ ), 5.41 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 6.76 (1H, d, J=8.1 Hz, ArH), 6.83-6.92 (2H, m, ArH), 7.14-7.36 (5H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 35.4 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3.5 Hz), 36.8 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 51 (NHCH₂, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 56.06 (CH₃), 56.13 (CH₃), 111.2 (Ar), 117.6 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 119.8 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=21 Hz), 120.4 (Ar), 127 (Ar), 128.8 (Ar), 131.6 (Ar), 132.8 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 139.4 (Ar), 142.4 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 144.8 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=250 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 148.6 (Ar), 148.9 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=243 Hz), 149.3 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −123.9 (C3-F, d, J=13 Hz), −143.5 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −147.7 (C6-F, d, J=26 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₃H₂₃F₃N₂O₄S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 511.0979. found: 511.0982.

The compound 3l. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (10%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.55. Yield: 0.19 g, 73%, mp 73-74° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 2.85-3.05 (4H, m, SCH₂ CH₂ , CH₂ of indane), 3.25-3.4 (4H, m, SCH₂ CH₂ , CH₂ of indane), 4.58-4.7 (1H, m, NHCH), 5.12 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 7.2-7.4 (9H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 35.4 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 36.9 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 41.2 (CH₂ of indane), 57.8 (NHCH, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 117.2 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5.5 Hz), 120.1 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=22 Hz), 125.2 (Ar), 127 (Ar), 127.2 (Ar), 128.8 (Ar), 132.2 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 139.4 (Ar), 141.1 (Ar), 142.2 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=239 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 145 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=251 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 148.2 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=242 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −126 (C3-F, d, J=12 Hz), −143.3 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −148.3 (C6-F, d, J=25 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₃H₂₁F₃N₂O₂S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 479.1069. found: 479.1077.

The compound 3m. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (5%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.53. Yield: 0.08 g, 31%, mp 101-102° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 2.05 (1H, sex, J=6 Hz, indane), 2.56 (1H, sex, J=7 Hz, indane), 2.85-2.97 (1H, m, indane, signal overlaps with signal of SCH₂ CH₂ ), 2.99 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.07-3.19 (1H, m, indane), 3.33 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 5.18 (3H, br s, SO₂NH₂, NHCH), 6.34 (1H, br s, NH), 7.18-7.4 (9H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 30.3 (indane), 35 (indane), 35.5 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3.8 Hz), 36.9 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 62.3 (NHCH, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 117.6 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 120.1 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=22 Hz), 124.3 (Ar), 125.3 (Ar), 126.9 (Ar), 127 (Ar), 128.4 (Ar), 128.8 (Ar), 132.9 (C2, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3 Hz), 139.4 (Ar), 142.5 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 143.7 (Ar), 144.3 (Ar), 145 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=248 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 148.8 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=242 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −124.1 (C3-F, d, J=12 Hz), −143.1 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −147.9 (C6-F, d, J=25 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₃H₂₁F₃N₂O₂S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 479.1069. found: 479.1063.

The compound 3n. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (5%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.79. Yield: 0.14 g, 52%, mp 123-124° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.8-2.1 (4H, m, tetrahydronapthalene), 2.7-2.95 (2H, m, tetrahydronapthalene), 2.99 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.33 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 4.83 (1H, br s, NHCH), 5.1 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 6.26 (1H, br s, NH), 7.1-7.4 (9H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 19 (tetrahydronapthalene), 29.3 (tetrahydronapthalene), 30.3 (tetrahydronapthalene), 35.5 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 36.9 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 54.7 (NHCH, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 118.2 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 120 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=21 Hz), 126.2 (Ar), 127 (Ar), 127.7 (Ar), 128.9 (Ar), 129.1 (Ar), 129.7 (Ar), 132.6 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 137.57 (Ar), 137.6 (Ar), 139.4 (Ar), 142.7 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 145 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=249 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 149.3 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=243 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −123.1 (C3-F, d, J=11 Hz), −142.9 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −147.4 (C6-F, d, J=26 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₄H₂₃F₃N₂O₂S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 493.1226. found: 493.1222.

The compound 3o. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (10%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.37. Yield: 0.11 g, 35%.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 2.73 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.08 (2H, td, ¹J=7.7 Hz, ²J=3.3 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 5.01 (1H, dd, ¹J=5.4 Hz, ²J=1.8 Hz, CH), 5.06 (1H, d, J=5.1 Hz, CH), 5.58 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 7.05-7.32 (15H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 35.5 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3.4 Hz), 36.6 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 66.1 (NHCH, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 77.3 (CHOH, signal overlaps with CDCl₃ signal), 117.7 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 119.8 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=21 Hz), 126.8 (Ar), 126.9 (Ar), 128.2 (Ar), 128.3 (Ar), 128.5 (Ar), 128.7 (Ar), 128.8 (Ar), 131.6 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 138.1 (Ar), 139.3 (Ar), 140.4 (Ar), 142.5 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 144.8 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=248 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=12 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 148.6 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=243 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −122.6 (C3-F, d, J=12 Hz), −143.2 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −147.1 (C6-F, d, J=26 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₈H₂₅F₃N₂O₃S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 559.1331. found: 559.1331.

Example 14. Preparation of 2-(cyclooctylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 4a), 2-(cyclododecylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 4b), 2-[(2,6-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 4c), 2-[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 4d), 2-[(1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 4e), 2-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalen-1-yl amino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 4f), 2-{[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]amino}-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 4 g)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide (compound 2c) (0.2 g, 0.66 mmol), Et₃N (0.095 mL, 0.68 mmol), DMSO (1 mL) and appropriate nucleophile (0.68 mmol) was stirred at 60° C. for 16 h. The mixture was then diluted with H₂O (20 mL) and extracted with EtAc (3×10 mL). The combined organic phase was dried over MgSO₄ and evaporated in vacuum.

The compound 4a. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:1), Rf=0.59. Yield: 0.15 g, 56%, mp 68-69° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.4-1.75 (12H, m, cyclooctane), 1.8-1.95 (2H, m, cyclooctane), 2.54 (1H, br s, OH), 3.14 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.74 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.75-3.85 (1H, m, CH of cyclooctane, signal overlaps with signal of SCH₂CH₂), 5.77 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 6.16 (1H, br s, NH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 23.7 (cyclooctane), 25.8 (cyclooctane), 27.5 (cyclooctane), 33 (cyclooctane), 37.5 (SCH₂ CH₂, br t), 56.4 (CH of cyclooctane, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 61.2 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 117.9 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 118.3 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=21 Hz), 132.7 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 142.1 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 145.1 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=247 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 149.1 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=243 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −124.5 (C3-F, d, J=11 Hz), −143 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −149 (C6-F, d, J=26 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₆H₂₃F₃N₂O₃S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 413.1175. found: 413.1175.

The compound 4b. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:1), Rf=0.65. Yield: 0.17 g, 55%, mp 113-114° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.3-1.7 (22H, m, cyclododecane), 2.4 (1H, br s, OH), 3.16 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.75 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.78-3.86 (1H, m, CH cyclododecane, signal overlaps with signal of SCH₂ CH₂ ), 5.59 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 6.2 (1H, br s, NH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 21.3 (cyclododecane), 23.3 (cyclododecane), 23.4 (cyclododecane), 24.3 (cyclododecane), 24.6 (cyclododecane), 30.1 (cyclododecane), 37.6 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3 Hz), 53.6 (CH of cyclododecane, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 61.1 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 117.5 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 118.4 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=20 Hz), 133.3 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 141.9 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=239 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 145.1 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=248 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=4 Hz), 148.9 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=243 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −124.5 (C3-F, d, J=11 Hz), −142.9 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −149.4 (C6-F, d, J=24 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₀H₃₁F₃N₂O₃S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 469.1801. found: 469.1804.

The compound 4c. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:1), Rf=0.54. Yield: 0.1 g, 34%.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 3.15 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.72 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.79 (6H, s, 2CH₃), 4.51 (2H, s, CH₂), 5.4 (2H, br s, SO₂NH₂), 6.55 (2H, d, J=8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.22 (1H, t, J=8.4 Hz, ArH).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.09 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SCH₂CH₂), 3.57 (2H, t, J=6.6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.62 (1H, s, OH), 3.75 (6H, s, 2CH₃), 4.44 (2H, br s, CH₂), 6.5 (1H, br s, NH), 6.65 (2H, d, J=8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.24 (1H, t, J=8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.94 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 37.4 (SCH₂ CH₂, br t), 40.3 (NHCH₂, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 56 (CH₃), 61.2 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 104 (Ar), 115 (Ar), 117.9 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=19 Hz), 120.3 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 129.6 (Ar), 133.4 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 143.7 (C5 or C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 144.4 (C5 or C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=248 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 150.9 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=244 Hz), 158.8 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −121.9 (C3-F, d, J=12 Hz), −143.7 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −145.9 (C6-F, d, J=25 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₇H₁₉F₃N₂O₅S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 453.076. found: 453.0752.

The compound 4d. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:1), Rf=0.45. Yield: 0.27 g, 91%, mp 73-74° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 3.08 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.63 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.84 (3H, s, CH₃), 3.86 (3H, s, CH₃), 4.41 (2H, d, J=3.3 Hz, CH₂), 5.67 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 6.75-6.87 (3H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 37.4 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3 Hz), 51 (NHCH₂, d, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=12 Hz), 56.11 (CH₃), 56.18 (CH₃), 61.1 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 111.3 (Ar), 118.3 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz signal overlaps with signal of C4), 118.5 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=21 Hz, signal overlaps with signal of C1), 120.4 (Ar), 131.5 (Ar), 132.9 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 142.6 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=242 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 144.8 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=249 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 148.6 (Ar), 149.2 (Ar), 149.3 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=243 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −123.6 (C3-F, d, J=12 Hz), −143.1 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −147.6 (C6-F, d, J=26 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₇H₁₉F₃N₂O₅S₂[(M−H)⁻]: 451.0615. found: 451.0621.

The compound 4e. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:1), Rf=0.71. Yield: 0.13 g, 48%.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 2.02 (1H, sex, J=7.2 Hz, indane), 2.54 (1H, sex, J=5.4 Hz, indane), 2.88 (1H, pet, J=8 Hz, indane), 3.04-3.16 (1H, m, indane), 3.19 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.77 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 5.12-5.2 (1H, m, NHCH), 5.35 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 7.15-7.35 (4H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 30.3 (indane), 35 (indane), 37.6 (SCH₂ CH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=2.5 Hz), 61.3 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 62.2 (NHCH, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=10 Hz), 118.3 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 118.8 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=21 Hz), 124.2 (Ar), 125.3 (Ar), 126.9 (Ar), 128.4 (Ar), 133 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 142.7 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=242 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=15 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 143.7 (Ar), 144.2 (Ar), 145.1 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=251 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 149.2 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=242 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −123.8 (C3-F, d, J=12 Hz), −142.7 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −147.7 (C6-F, d, J=25 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₇H₁₇F₃N₂O₃S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 419.0705. found: 419.0714.

The compound 4f. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:1), Rf=0.66. Yield: 0.1 g, 36%, mp 94-95° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.8-2.05 (4H, m, tetrahydronapthalene), 2.4 (1H, br s, OH), 2.7-3 (2H, m, tetrahydronapthalene), 3.19 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.78 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 4.76-4.86 (1H, m, NHCH), 5.3 (2H, br s, SO₂NH₂), 6.28 (1H, d, J=9 Hz, NH), 7.1-7.3 (4H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 18.9 (tetrahydronapthalene), 29.2 (tetrahydronapthalene), 30.3 (tetrahydronapthalene), 37.6 (SCH₂ CH₂, br t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3 Hz), 54.7 (NHCH, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 61.3 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 118.7 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=22 Hz, signal overlaps with signal of C1), 118.9 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz, signal overlaps with signal of C4), 126.1 (Ar), 127.7 (Ar), 129.1 (Ar), 129.7 (Ar), 132.7 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz), 137.48 (Ar), 137.54 (Ar), 142.9 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 145.1 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=250 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 149.7 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=243 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −122.7 (C3-F, d, J=11 Hz), −142.5 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −147.3 (C6-F, d, J=26 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₈H₁₉F₃N₂O₃S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 431.0716. found: 431.0719.

The compound 4 g. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:1), Rf=0.43. Yield: 0.13 g, 39%.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 2.2 (1H, br s, OH), 2.88 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SCH₂ CH₂), 3.1 (1H, br s, OH), 3.35-3.45 (2H, m, SCH₂ CH₂ ), 4.97 (1H, br t, J=6 Hz, CH), 5.05 (1H, d, J=5 Hz, CH), 5.97 (2H, br s, SO₂NH₂), 7-7.3 (10H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 37.1 (SCH₂ CH₂, br t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=2 Hz), 60.9 (SCH₂ CH₂ ), 66.1 (NHCH, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 77 (CHOH, signal overlaps with CDCl₃ signal), 118.4 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz, signal overlaps with C4 signal), 118.3 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=20 Hz, signal overlaps with C1 signal), 126.8 (Ar), 128 (Ar), 128.2 (Ar), 128.3 (Ar), 128.4 (Ar), 128.5 (Ar), 131.7 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 138.1 (Ar), 140.4 (Ar), 142.7 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=241 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 144.9 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=251 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 148.8 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=243 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −122.2 (C3-F, d, J=11 Hz), −142.9 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −147.3 (C6-F, d, J=26 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₂H₂₁F₃N₂O₄S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 499.0968. found: 499.0967.

Example 15. Preparation of 2-(cyclooctylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-(propylthio)benzenesulfonamide (Compound 5)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(propylthio)benzenesulfonamide (20 (0.2 g, 0.66 mmol), Et₃N (0.095 mL, 0.68 mmol), DMSO (1 mL) and cyclooctylamine (0.1 mL, 0.72 mmol) was stirred at 60° C. for 12 h. The mixture was then diluted with H₂O (20 mL) and extracted with EtAc (3×10 mL). The combined organic phase was dried over MgSO₄ and evaporated in vacuum.

The compound 5. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (5%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.64. Yield: 0.16 g, 59%.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.03 (3H, t, J=7.2 Hz, CH₃), 1.4-1.75 (14H, m, CH₂ CH₃, cyclooctane), 1.8-1.95 (2H, m, cyclooctane), 2.98 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz, SCH₂), 3.7-3.85 (1H, m, CH of cyclooctane), 5.62 (3H, br s, NH, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 13.3 (CH₃), 23.5 (cyclooctane), 23.7 (cyclooctane), 25.8 (cyclooctane), 27.5 (cyclooctane), 33 (CH₂), 36.3 (SCH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3.6 Hz), 56.5 (CH of cyclooctane, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 117.3 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C) 6 Hz), 120 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=21 Hz), 132.4 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 142.2 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=239 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 145 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=249 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 148.9 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=243 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −124.8 (C3-F, d, J=11 Hz), −143.5 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −149 (C6-F, d, J=26 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₇H₂₅F₃N₂O₂S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 411.1382. found: 411.1388.

Example 16. Preparation of 2-(cyclooctylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-{[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]amino}benzenesulfonamide (Compound 6)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4{-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]amino}benzenesulfonamide (2o) (0.2 g, 0.55 mmol), Et₃N (0.085 mL, 0.61 mmol), DMSO (1 mL) and cyclooctylamine (0.085 mL, 0.61 mmol) was stirred at 70° C. for 28 h. The mixture was then diluted with H₂O (20 mL) and extracted with EtAc (3×10 mL). The combined organic phase was dried over MgSO₄ and evaporated in vacuum.

The compound 6. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:3), Rf=0.6. Yield: 0.13 g, 50%.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.4-2 (14H, m, cyclooctane), 2.82 (2H, t, J=7 Hz, NHCH₂ CH₂ ), 3.6-3.75 (3H, m, CH of cyclooctane, NHCH₂ CH₂), 5.59 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 6.1 (2H, br s, 2NH), 6.79 (2H, d, J=8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.04 (2H, d, J=8.4 Hz, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 23.8 (cyclooctane), 25.8 (cyclooctane), 27.5 (cyclooctane), 32.7 (cyclooctane), 36.6 (NHCH₂ CH₂ ), 46.9 (NHCH₂ CH₂), 56.4 (CH of cyclooctane, d, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=10 Hz), 106.3 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 115.8 (C4, signal overlaps with Ar signal), 115.83 (Ar), 130.2 (Ar), 130.28 (Ar), 132 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, signal overlaps with C5 or C6 signal), 133.8 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=239 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=18 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=6 Hz), 138.5 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=233 Hz), 146.5 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=243 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3 Hz), 154.8 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −144.8 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=23 Hz, ²J=9 Hz), −154.1 (C3-F, s), −171.4 (C6-F, d, J=23 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₂H₂₈F₃N₃O₃S [(M+H)⁺]: 472.1876. found: 472.1877.

Example 17. Preparation of 2-(cyclooctylamino)-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide (Compound 8a), 2-(cyclododecylamino)-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide (Compound 8b), 2-[(2,6-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide (Compound 8c), 2-[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide (Compound 8d), 2-[(1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino]-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide (Compound 8e), 2-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalen-1-ylamino)-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide (Compound 8f)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide (7) (0.2 g, 0.87 mmol), Et₃N (0.124 mL, 0.89 mmol), DMSO (1 mL) and appropriate nucleophile (0.93 mmol) was stirred at 60° C. for 8 h, compound 8d was obtained after 16 h, compound 8f was obtained after stirring at 70° C. for 16 h. The mixture was then diluted with H₂O (20 mL) and extracted with EtAc (3×10 mL). The combined organic phase was dried over MgSO₄ and evaporated in vacuum.

The compound 8a. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:20), Rf=0.32. Yield: 0.15 g, 52%, mp 117-118° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 1.4-1.9 (14H, m, cyclooctane), 3.72 (1H, br s, CH of cyclooctane), 6.35 (1H, br s, NH), 7.65-7.8 (1H, m, ArH), 8.1 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 23.6 (cyclooctane), 25.7 (cyclooctane), 27.6 (cyclooctane), 32.8 (cyclooctane), 55.7 (CH of cyclooctane, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=10 Hz), 110.2 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=25 Hz), 120.6 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 132.9 (C2, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3 Hz), 141.1 (C5 or C6, t, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F- ¹³C)=14 Hz), 145 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=248 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 148.3 (C3, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=236 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=6 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −120.6 (C3-F, t, J=13 Hz), −133.35: −133.56 (C5-F or C6-F, m), −145.2 (C5-F or C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=11 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₄H₁₉F₃N₂O₂S [(M+H)⁺]: 337.1192. found: 337.1195.

The compound 8b. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:20), Rf=0.49. Yield: 0.1 g, 29%, mp 113-114° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 1.2-1.7 (22H, m, cyclododecane), 3.71 (1H, br s, CH of cyclododecane), 6.22 (1H, d=7.8 Hz, NH), 7.64-7.78 (1H, m, ArH), 8.09 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 21.4 (cyclododecane), 23.4 (cyclododecane), 23.6 (cyclododecane), 24.1 (cyclododecane), 24.4 (cyclododecane), 31.1 (cyclododecane), 52.8 (CH of cyclododecane, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 110.2 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=25 Hz), 120.6 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C) 12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C) 5 Hz), 133.4 (C2, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=2 Hz), 141.1 (C5 or C6, t, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=238 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 145 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=249 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 148.1 (C3, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=245 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F- ¹³C)=9 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −125.4 (C3-F, t, J=13 Hz), −138: −138.3 (C5-F or C6-F, m), −150.1 (C5-F or C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=11 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₈H₂₇F₃N₂O₂S [(M+H)⁺]: 393.1818. found: 393.1816.

The compound 8c. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (5%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.4. Yield: 0.16 g, 48%, mp 137-138° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, D₃OD): 3.79 (6H, s, 2CH₃), 4.51 (2H, d, J=1.5 Hz, CH₂), 4.91 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 6.61 (2H, d, J=8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.22 (1H, t, J=8.1 Hz, ArH), 7.29-7.41 (1H, m, ArH).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.75 (6H, s, 2CH₃), 4.44 (2H, d, J=2.1 Hz, CH₂), 6.65 (2H, d, J=8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.25 (1H, t, J=8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.68-7.8 (1H, m, ArH), 7.92 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 3.81 (6H, s, 2CH₃), 4.56 (2H, br s, CH₂), 4.92 (2H, br s, SO₂NH₂), 6.05 (1H, br s, NH), 6.57 (2H, d, J=8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.06-7.17 (1H, m, ArH), 7.24 (1H, t, J=8.4 Hz, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, D₃OD): 39.3 (CH₂, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 55 (CH₃), 103.6 (Ar), 108.7 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=25 Hz), 115.1 (Ar), 121.4 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 129.2 (Ar), 134.3 (C2, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3 Hz), 142.2 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=241 Hz), 144.6 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=248 Hz), 149.9 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=249 Hz), 158.8 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −124.1 (C3-F, t, J=13 Hz), −141.5: −141.7 (C5-F or C6-F, m), −150.3 (C5-F or C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=10 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₅H₁₅F₃N₂O₄S [(M−H)⁻]: 375.0632. found: 375.0634.

The compound 8d. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (10%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.29. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH:H₂O (2:1) after chromatography. Yield: 0.1 g, 33%, mp 115-116° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.73 (3H, s, CH₃), 3.75 (3H, s, CH₃), 4.4 (2H, dd, J=6 Hz, J=3.6 Hz, CH₂), 6.7 (1H, td, J=6 Hz, J=2 Hz, NH), 6.82-6.98 (3H, m, ArH), 7.65-7.78 (1H, m, ArH), 8.14 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 50.3 (CH₂, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 55.96 (CH₃), 56.06 (CH₃), 110.9 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=24 Hz), 111.9 (Ar), 112.2 (Ar), 120.3 (Ar), 120.4 (C1, signal overlaps with Ar signal), 132.3 (Ar), 133.5 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 141.2 (C5 or C6, t, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=238 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 144.8 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=252 Hz), 148.2 (C3, d J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz), 148.6 (Ar), 149.2 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −124.9 (C3-F, t, J=13 Hz), −138.6: −138.8 (C5-F or C6-F, m), −149.6 (C5-F or C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=10 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₅H₁₅F₃N₂O₄S [(M−H)⁻]: 375.0632. found: 375.0631.

The compound 8e. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:10), Rf=0.38. Yield: 0.09 g, 30%, mp 103-104° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 1.79-1.95 (1H, m, indane), 2.38-2.5 (1H, m, indane), 2.82 (1H, pet, J=8 Hz, indane), 2.91-3.06 (1H, m, indane), 5.1-5.2 (1H, m, NHCH), 6.59 (1H, dd, ¹J=8.6 Hz, ²J=2 Hz, NH), 7.2-7.4 (4H, m, ArH), 7.75-7.9 (1H, m ArH), 8.13 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 30.2 (indane), 35.2 (indane), 61.6 (CH of indane, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 110.5 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=25 Hz), 120.5 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=5 Hz), 124.7 (Ar), 125.5 (Ar), 127.3 (Ar), 128.6 (Ar), 133.2 (C2, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3 Hz), 141.4 (C5 or C6, t, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=238 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz), 143.6 (Ar), 144.7 (Ar), 144.9 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=233 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 148.2 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=226 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −120 (C3-F, t, J=13 Hz), −133.35: −133.55 (C5-F or C6-F, m), −144.7 (C5-F or C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=11 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₅H₁₃F₃N₂O₂S [(M−H)⁻]: 341.0577. found: 341.0580.

The compound 8f. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (10%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.64. Yield: 0.1 g, 32%, mp 124-125° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 1.6-2 (4H, m, tetrahydronapthalene), 2.6-2.9 (2H, m, tetrahydronapthalene), 4.81 (1H, br s, NHCH), 6.53 (1H, d, J=8.7 Hz, NH), 7.1-7.25 (3H, m, ArH), 7.41 (1H, d, J=7.5 Hz, ArH), 7.73-7.85 (1H, m, ArH), 8.12 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 19.3 (tetrahydronapthalene), 29.3 (tetrahydronapthalene), 30.2 (tetrahydronapthalene), 53.8 (CH of tetrahydronapthalene, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 110.4 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=25 Hz), 121 (C1, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=5 Hz), 126.6 (Ar), 127.9 (Ar), 129.6 (Ar), 129.7 (Ar), 132.7 (C2, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=2 Hz), 137.6 (Ar), 137.9 (Ar), 141.5 (C5 or C6, t, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=239 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=13 Hz), 145 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=247 Hz), 148.4 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=239 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −123.8 (C3-F, t, J=13 Hz), −137.9: −138.14 (C5-F or C6-F, m), −149.2 (C5-F or C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=10 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₆H₁₅F₃N₂O₂S [(M−H)⁻]: 355.0734. found: 355.0733.

Example 18. Preparation of 3-(methylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 9a)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (compound 2q) (0.2 g, 0.5 mmol), MeOH (10 mL) and methylamine (2M in methanol) (0.75 mL, 1.5 mmol) was refluxed for 7 h. MeOH was evaporated in vacuum and the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed with H₂O. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH:H₂O (2:1). Yield: 0.12 g, 57%, mp 152-153° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.01 (3H, dd, ¹J=7.5 Hz, ²J=5 Hz, CH₃), 3.08 (2H, t, J=7.5 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.89 (2H, t, J=7 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 6.6 (1H, br s, NH), 7.1-7.3 (5H, m, ArH), 8.31 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 28.6 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 34.1 (CH₃, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 57.5 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 114.4 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 127.5 (Ar), 128 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=18 Hz), 129 (Ar), 129.1 (Ar), 137.4 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 137.5 (Ar), 136.7 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=244 Hz), 144.4 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=251 Hz), 146.1 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=240 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −127.5 (C2-F, s), −135.9 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −152.6 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=7 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₅H₁₅F₃N₂O₄S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 409.0498. found: 409.0505.

Example 19. Preparation of 3-(benzylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 9c)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (compound 2q) (0.3 g, 0.75 mmol), Et₃N (0.109 mL, 0.78 mmol), MeOH (10 mL) and benzylamine (0.085 mL, 0.78 mmol) was refluxed for 18 h. MeOH was evaporated in vacuum and the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed with H₂O. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH. Yield: 0.21 g, 57%, mp 59-61° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.0 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.82 (2H, t, J=7 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 4.54 (2H, dd, J=5.9 Hz, J=4 Hz, NHCH₂ ), 7.01 (1H, t, J=6 Hz, NH), 7.1-7.5 (10H, m, ArH), 8.4 (2H, br s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 28.5 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 50.5 (NHCH₂ , d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 57.7 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 115.6 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 127.5 (Ar), 128.2 (Ar), 128.4 (Ar), 129 (Ar), 129.1 (Ar), 129.3 (Ar), 136 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz), 137.5 (Ar), 139.7 (Ar), 139.4 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=244 Hz), 144.9 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=253 Hz), 146 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=253 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −124.7 (C2-F, s), −134.9 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −150.4 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=7 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₁H₁₉F₃N₂O₄S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 485.0811. found: 485.0814.

Example 20. Preparation of 3-(tert-butylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 9b), 3-morpholin-4-yl-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 9e)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (compound 2q) (0.2 g, 0.5 mmol), DMSO (1 mL) and appropriate nucleophile (1.02 mmol) was stirred at ambient temperature for 4 days. The mixture was then diluted with H₂O (20 mL) and the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed with H₂O.

The compound 9b. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:4), Rf=0.62. Yield: 0.04 g, 18%, mp 127° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.38 (9H, d, J=2 Hz, 3CH₃), 3.14 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.65 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 5.74 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 6.63 (1H, s, NH), 7.1-7.4 (5H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 28.8 (SO₂CH₂C1-12), 30.9 (CH₃, d, J=7 Hz), 55.7 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 58.8 (NHC, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 118.5 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F- ¹³C)=6 Hz), 126.3 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 127.6 (Ar), 128.5 (Ar), 129.2 (Ar), 135.8 (C3, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C) 18 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3 Hz), 136.6 (Ar), 138.3 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=252 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=18 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 145.8 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=254 Hz), 146.1 (C5 or C6, ddd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=253 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ³J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −122.2 (C2-F, s), −137.6 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −152.9 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=6 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₈H₂₁F₃N₂O₄S₂ [(M+H)⁴]: 451.0968. found: 451.0969.

The compound 9e. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH. Yield: 0.11 g, 46%, mp 198-199° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 2.9 (2H, d, J=11 Hz, morpholine), 3.12 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.21 (2H, t, J=11 Hz, morpholine), 3.57 (2H, t, J=11 Hz, morpholine), 3.79 (2H, d, J=11 Hz, morpholine), 4.06 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 7.2-7.4 (5H, m, ArH), 8.48 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 33.3 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 56.6 (morpholine, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 62.3 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 71.8 (morpholine), 132.2 (Ar), 133.8 (Ar), 134.1 (Ar), 136.1 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=6 Hz), 139.7 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 142.9 (Ar), 150.7 (C5, C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=261 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz), 159.3 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=259 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −119.1 (C2-F, d, J=14 Hz), −132.4 (C5-F, d, J=25 Hz), −136.7 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=14 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₈H₁₉F₃N₂O₅S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 465.076. found: 465.0765.

Example 21. Preparation of 3-[(2-phenylethy)amino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 9d), 3-(cyclooctylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 91), 3-(cyclododecylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 9 g), 3-[(2,6-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 9 h), 3-[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 9i), 3-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 9k), 3-[(1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 9l), 3-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalen-1-ylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 9m)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (compound 2q) (0.2 g, 0.5 mmol), Et₃N (0.071 mL, 0.51 mmol), DMSO (1 mL) and appropriate nucleophile (0.51 mmol) was stirred at ambient temperature for 24 h. The mixture was then diluted with H₂O (20 mL) and extracted with EtAc (3×10 mL). The combined organic phase was dried over MgSO₄ and evaporated in vacuum.

The compound 9d. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:6), Rf=0.48. Yield: 0.18 g, 72%, mp 141-142° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 2.88 (2H, t, J=7 Hz, NHCH₂ CH₂ ), 2.98 (2H, t, J=7 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.6 (2H, br t, NHCH₂ CH₂), 3.77 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 6.68 (1H, br s, NH), 7.1-7.4 (10H, m, ArH), 8.33 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 28.6 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 36.8 (NHCH₂ CH₂ ), 48.3 (NHCH₂ CH₂, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 57.5 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 114.6 (C4, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 127.1 (Ar), 127.5 (Ar), 128.1 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 128.9 (Ar), 129 (Ar), 129.2 (Ar), 129.5 (Ar), 136.1 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 137.5 (Ar), 139.3 (Ar), 137 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=244 Hz), 144.3 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=250 Hz), 145.7 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=233 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −127 (C2-F, s), −135.3 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −152 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=7 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₂H₂₁F₃N₂O₄S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 499.0968. found: 499.0971.

The compound 9f. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:9), Rf=0.5. Yield: 0.22 g, 88%, mp 90-92° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.4-2 (14H, m, cyclooctane), 3.14 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.64 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 3.85-3.95 (1H, m, cyclooctane), 5.68 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 6.91 (1H, d, J=8.7 Hz, NH), 7.1-7.4 (5H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 23.5 (cyclooctane), 25.7 (cyclooctane), 27.5 (cyclooctane), 28.7 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 33.2 (cyclooctane), 56.3 (CH of cyclooctane, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 58.8 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 114.7 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=7 Hz), 126.4 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 127.6 (Ar), 128.5 (Ar), 129.1 (Ar), 136 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 136.5 (Ar), 136.7 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=251 Hz), 145.8 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=252 Hz), 146.2 (C5 or C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=252 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −131 (C2-F, s), −138.2 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −156.9 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=7 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₂H₂₇F₃N₂O₄S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 505.1437. found: 505.1439.

The compound 9 g. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:10), Rf=0.37. Yield: 0.13 g, 46%, mp 130-131° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 1.2-1.7 (22H, m, cyclododecane), 3.07 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.8 (1H, br s, CH of cyclododecane), 3.88 (2H, t, J=7 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 6.55 (1H, d, J=8 Hz, NH), 7.1-7.3 (5H, m, ArH), 8.36 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 21.2 (cyclododecane), 23.3 (cyclododecane), 23.4 (cyclododecane), 24.5 (cyclododecane), 24.7 (cyclododecane), 28.5 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 30.8 (cyclododecane), 53.5 (CH of cyclododecane, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 58 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 115.4 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 127.5 (Ar), 128.2 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 129 (Ar), 135.8 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 137.6 (Ar), 137.5 (C5 or C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=J 246 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz), 144.7 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=250 Hz), 146.2 (C5 or C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=249 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −125.4 (C2-F, s), −134.5 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −151 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=6 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₆H₃₅F₃N₂O₄S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 561.2063. found: 561.2071.

The compound 9 h. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:5), Rf=0.47. Yield: 0.13 g, 48%, mp 133-137° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 2.76 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.47 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 3.74 (6H, s, 2CH₃), 4.52 (2H, d, J=5.4 Hz, NHCH₂ ), 6.62 (2H, d, J=8.4 Hz, ArH) 6.69 (1H, br t, NH), 7.05-7.3 (6H, m, ArH), 8.4 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 28.2 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 39.4 (NHCH₂, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, signal overlaps with signal of DMSO), 56.4 (CH₃), 57.6 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 104.7 (Ar), 114.7 (Ar), 116.5 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 127.4 (Ar), 127.9 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 129 (Ar), 129.1 (Ar), 130.4 (Ar), 136.9 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 137.5 (Ar), 138.1 (C5 or C6, d ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=251 Hz), 145.5 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=253 Hz), 146.1 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=254 Hz), 158.7 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −121.8 (C2-F, dd, ¹J=11 Hz, ²J=5 Hz), −135.5 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −149.6 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=5 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₃H₂₃F₃N₂O₆S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 543.0877. found: 543.0881.

The compound 9i. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH. Yield: 0.18 g, 67%, mp 167-168° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 2.95 (2H, t, J=7.8 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.69 (3H, s, CH₃), 3.73 (3H, s, CH₃), 3.8 (2H, t, J=7.8 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 4.45 (2H, t, J=4.7 Hz, NHCH₂ ), 6.8-7 (4H, m, ArH, NH), 7.1-7.3 (5H, m, ArH), 8.38 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 28.5 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 50.3 (NHCH₂, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12.5 Hz), 56.02 (CH₃), 56.08 (CH₃), 57.7 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 112.31 (Ar), 112.34 (Ar), 115.8 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 120.8 (Ar), 127.5 (Ar), 128.1 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 128.97 (Ar), 129.03 (Ar), 131.9 (Ar), 136 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz), 137.5 (Ar), 137.7 (C5 or C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=249 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=18 Hz), 145.1 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=256 Hz), 146 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=250 Hz), 148.9 (Ar), 149.4 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −123.7 (C2-F, s), −134.8 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −150.4 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=6 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₃H₂₃F₃N₂O₆S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 543.0877. found: 543.0875.

The compound 9k. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:4), Rf=0.6. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH after chromatography. Yield: 0.12 g, 45%, mp 155° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 2.8-3 (4H, m, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ and CH₂ of indane), 3.26 (1H, d, J=6.3 Hz, indane), 3.31 (1H, d, J=6.3 Hz, indane), 3.67 (2H, t, J=8 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 4.45-4.55 (1H, m, CH of indane), 6.87 (1H, d, J=8 Hz, NH), 7.1-7.3 (10H, m, ArH), 8.38 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 28.4 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 41.1 (CH₂ of indane, signal overlaps with signal of DMSO-D₆), 57.58 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 57.7 (CH of indane, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 115.3 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 125.4 (Ar), 127.38 (Ar), 127.45 (Ar), 128.2 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 129 (Ar), 129.1 (Ar), 135.4 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz), 137.5 (Ar), 137.6 (C5 or C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=247 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=17 Hz), 141.1 (Ar), 144.4 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=252 Hz), 146.2 (C5 or C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=250 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −126.1 (C2-F, s), −134.7 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −150.8 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=7 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₃H₂₁F₃N₂O₄S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 511.0968. found: 511.0972.

The compound 9l. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (5%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.38. Yield: 0.17 g, 66%, mp 90° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 2.0 (1H, sex, J=6 Hz, indane), 2.5 (1H, sex, indane, signal overlaps with signal of DMSO-D₆), 2.8-3.2 (4H, m, CH₂ of indane, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.7-3.9 (2H, m, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 5.18 (1H, br s, indane), 6.89 (1H, d, J=8 Hz, NH), 7.1-7.4 (9H, m, ArH), 8.43 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 28.3 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 30.2 (indane), 35.3 (indane), 57.8 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 61.7 (CH of indane, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11.4 Hz), 115.6 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=14 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 124.6 (Ar), 125.7 (Ar), 127.4 (Ar), 127.5 (Ar), 128.2 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=16 Hz), 128.9 (Ar), 129 (Ar), 129.1 (Ar), 135.7 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 137.5 (Ar), 137.8 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=246 Hz), 143.7 (Ar), 144.2 (Ar), 144.8 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=252 Hz), 146.1 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=251 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −124.2 (C2-F, s), −134.5 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −150.2 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=6 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₃H₂₁F₃N₂O₄S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 511.0968. found: 511.0964.

The compound 9m. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:10), Rf=0.37. Yield: 0.13 g, 50%, mp 116-119° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 1.7-2.1 (4H, m, tetrahydronapthalene), 2.6-2.9 (2H, m, tetrahydronapthalene), 2.94 (2H, t, J=7.8 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.74 (2H, t, J=7.7 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 4.8-4.9 (1H, m, CH of tetrahydronapthalene), 6.82 (1H, d, J=9 Hz, NH), 7.1-7.4 (9H, m, ArH), 8.41 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 19.1 (tetrahydronapthalene), 28.3 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 29.1 (tetrahydronapthalene), 30.5 (tetrahydronapthalene), 54.1 (CH of tetrahydronapthalene, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 58 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 116.1 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C) 13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 126.8 (Ar), 127.5 (Ar), 128.2 (Ar), 128.2 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=18 Hz, signal overlaps with signal of Ar), 129.03 (Ar), 129.08 (Ar), 129.5 (Ar), 129.9 (Ar), 135.3 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 137.41 (Ar), 137.48 (Ar), 137.57 (Ar), 138 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=238 Hz), 145.1 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=254 Hz), 146.1 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=254 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −123.5 (C2-F, s), −134.3 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −149.9 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=5 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₄H₂₃F₃N₂O₄S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 523.0979. found: 523.0983.

Example 22. Preparation of 3-(1-adamantylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 9j), 3-{[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]amino}-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 9n), 3-{[(1R,2S)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]amino}-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 9o)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (compound 2q) (0.2 g, 0.5 mmol), Et₃N (0.071 mL, 0.51 mmol), DMSO (1 mL) and appropriate nucleophile (0.52 mmol) was stirred at ambient temperature for 3 days, compound 9j was obtained after stirring for 5 days. The mixture was then diluted with H₂O (20 mL).

The compound 9j. The resultant precipitate was filtered, washed with H₂O. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:4), Rf=0.75. Yield: 0.02 g, 8%, mp 155-156° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.69 (6H, br s, adamantane), 1.91 (6H, br s, adamantane), 2.15 (3H, br s, adamantane), 3.16 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.67 (2H, t, J=7 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 5.53 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 6.41 (1H, s, NH), 7.1-7.4 (5H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 28.7 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 30.2 (adamantane), 36.2 (adamantane), 43.4 (adamantane), 43.5 (adamantane), 56.6 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 58.9 (adamantane, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 119.6 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=6 Hz), 126 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 127.6 (Ar), 128.5 (Ar), 129.2 (Ar), 135.3 (C3, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C) 18 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3 Hz), 137 (Ar), 139 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=252 Hz), 146 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=254 Hz), 146.4 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=253 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −120.3 (C2-F, s), −137.6 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −152 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=6 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₄H₂₇F₃N₂O₄S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 529.1437. found: 529.1440.

The compound 9n. The mixture was then extracted with EtAc (3×10 mL). The combined organic phase was dried over MgSO₄ and evaporated in vacuum. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH:H₂O=2:1. Yield: 0.12 g, 40%, mp 175-176° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.06 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.75-3.95 (2H, m, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 4.9-5 (1H, m, CH), 5.1 (1H, d, J=4.5 Hz, CH), 6 (1H, br s, OH), 7.1-7.3 (15H, m, ArH), 7.87 (1H, d, J=9 Hz, NH), 8.3 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 28.5 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 58 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 65.4 (CH, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12.8 Hz), 75.6 (CH), 115.3 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=6 Hz), 127.2 (Ar), 127.4 (Ar), 127.8 (Ar), 127.9 (Ar), 128.2 (Ar), 128.3 (Ar), 128.93 (Ar), 128.99 (Ar), 129.04 (Ar), 135.2 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 137.2 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=250 Hz), 137.5 (Ar), 139.7 (Ar), 142.9 (Ar), 144.5 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=254 Hz), 146 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=249 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −123.3 (C2-F, s), −134.7 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −150.8 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=7 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₈H₂₅F₃N₂O₅S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 591.123. found: 591.1220.

The compound 9o. The resultant precipitate was filtered, washed with H₂O. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH:H₂O=2:1. Yield: 0.12 g, 40%, mp 176-177° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.06 (2H, t, J=7.2 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.75-3.95 (2H, m, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 4.9-5 (1H, m, CH), 5.1 (1H, t, J=4.2 Hz, CH), 6 (1H, d, J=4.2 Hz, OH), 7.1-7.3 (15H, m, ArH), 7.87 (1H, d, J=8 Hz, NH), 8.25 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 28.5 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 58 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 65.4 (CH, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12.8 Hz), 75.6 (CH), 115.3 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=6 Hz), 127.2 (Ar), 127.4 (Ar), 127.8 (Ar), 127.9 (Ar), 128.2 (Ar), 128.3 (Ar), 128.93 (Ar), 128.99 (Ar), 129.04 (Ar), 135.2 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 137.2 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=250 Hz), 137.5 (Ar), 139.7 (Ar), 142.9 (Ar), 144.5 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=254 Hz), 146 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=249 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −123.3 (C2-F, s), −134.7 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −150.8 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=7 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₈H₂₅F₃N₂O₅S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 591.123. found: 591.1221.

Example 23. Preparation of 3-(benzylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 10a)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (compound 2d) (0.25 g, 0.74 mmol), MeOH (10 mL) and benzylamine (0.17 mL, 1.56 mmol) was stirred at ambient temperature for 24 h. MeOH was evaporated in vacuum and the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed with H₂O. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:2), Rf=0.19. Yield: 0.11 g, 35%, mp 127° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.65 (2H, t, J=5.4 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 2.83 (2H, k, J=5.4 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 4.45-4.55 (2H, m, NHCH₂ ), 5.03 (1H, t, J=5.1 Hz, OH), 6.96 (1H, br t, NH), 7.3-7.5 (5H, m, ArH), 8.36 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 50.7 (NHCH₂ , d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 55.8 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 60.1 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 117.6 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 127.9 (C1 signal overlaps with signal of Ar), 128.1 (Ar), 128.3 (Ar), 129.3 (Ar), 136.1 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 137.8 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=246 Hz), 139.6 (Ar), 144.9 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=252 Hz), 146.2 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=252 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −125.1 (C2-F, s), −135.3 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=13 Hz), −150.7 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=7 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₅H₁₅F₃N₂O₅S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 425.0447. found: 425.0439.

Example 24. Preparation of 3-(cyclooctylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 10b)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (compound 2d) (0.38 g, 1.1 mmol), MeOH (10 mL) and cyclooctylamine (0.332 mL, 2.4 mmol) was refluxed for 6 h. MeOH was evaporated in vacuum and the resultant oil was washed with H₂O. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:1), Rf=0.38. Yield: 0.2 g, 40%.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.4-2 (14H, m, cyclooctane), 3.59 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 3.8-3.9 (1H, m, CH of cyclooctane), 4.11 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 6.08 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 6.74 (1H, br s, NH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 23.5 (cyclooctane), 25.7 (cyclooctane), 27.4 (cyclooctane), 33.1 (cyclooctane), 56.3 (cyclooctane), 56.5 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 59.8 (cyclooctane), 60.8 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 115.8 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=6 Hz), 126.5 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 135.7 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 137 (C5 or C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=246 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=14 Hz), 144.7 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=253 Hz), 146.4 (C5 or C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=253 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −125.9 (C2-F, s), −134 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −152.1 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=24 Hz, ²J=4 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₆H₂₃F₃N₂O₅S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 445.1073. found: 445.1077.

Example 25. Preparation of 3-(cyclododecylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 10c), 3-[(2,6-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 10d), 3-[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 10e), 3-[(1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 10f), 3-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalen-1-ylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 10 g), 3-{[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]amino}-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 10 h)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (compound 2d) (0.2 g, 0.59 mmol), DMSO (1 mL) and appropriate nucleophile (1.2 mmol) was stirred at ambient temperature for 24 h. The mixture was then diluted with H₂O (20 mL) and extracted with EtAc (3×10 mL). The combined organic phase was dried over MgSO₄ and evaporated in vacuum.

The compound 10c. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:1), Rf=0.5. Yield: 0.26 g, 88%, mp 143-144° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 1.2-1.7 (22H, m, cyclododecane), 3.68 (2H, t, J=5 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 3.8 (1H, br s, CH of cyclododecane, signal overlaps with signal of SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.83 (2H, t, J=5 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 5.01 (1H, t, J=5 Hz, OH), 6.55 (1H, d, J=9 Hz, NH), 8.36 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 21.3 (cyclododecane), 23.4 (cyclododecane), 23.5 (cyclododecane), 24.4 (cyclododecane), 24.6 (cyclododecane), 30.8 (cyclododecane), 53.4 (CH of cyclododecane, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 55.8 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 60.3 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 117.4 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=6 Hz), 127.9 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 135.7 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz), 137.4 (C5 or C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=246 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=19 Hz), 144.7 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=253 Hz), 146.3 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=247 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −125.4 (C2-F, s), −134.8 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −151.4 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=6 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₀H₃₁F₃N₂O₅S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 501.1699. found: 501.1701.

The compound 10d. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (60%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.45. Yield: 0.15 g, 52%, mp 164-165° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.35 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 3.63 (2H, br t, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.75 (6H, s, 2CH₃), 4.48 (2H, d, J=5.4 Hz, NHCH₂ ), 4.93 (1H, br s, OH), 6.58 (1H, br t, NH), 6.66 (2H, d, J=8.4 Hz, ArH), 7.26 (1H, t, J=8.4 Hz, ArH), 8.42 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 39.5 (NHCH₂), 55.4 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 56.3 (2CH₃), 59.9 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 104.7 (Ar), 114.6 (Ar), 118.2 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 127.7 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 130.3 (Ar), 136.8 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=11 Hz), 137.9 (C5 or C6, d, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=228 Hz), 146 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=253 Hz), 144.8 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=242 Hz), 158.7 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −122.1 (C2-F, s), −135.9 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=26 Hz, ²J=13 Hz), −150.1 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=6 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₇H₁₉F₃N₂O₇S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 483.0513. found: 483.0517.

The compound 10e. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (2:1), Rf=0.38. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH after chromatography. Yield: 0.1 g, 29%, mp 164-165° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.65 (2H, t, J=6 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 3.746 (3H, s, CH₃), 3.755 (3H, s, CH₃), 3.82 (2H, br t, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 4.43 (2H, br s, NHCH₂ ), 6.8-7 (3H, m, ArH), 6.99 (1H, s, NH), 8.38 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 50.6 (NHCH₂, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 55.8 (CH₃), 56 (CH₃), 56.1 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 60.1 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 112.2 (Ar), 112.3 (Ar), 117.7 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 120.7 (Ar), 127.8 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 131.8 (Ar), 136 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 137.8 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=252 Hz), 145.1 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=253 Hz), 146.1 (C5 or C6, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=253 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 148.9 (Ar), 149.5 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −124.4 (C2-F, s), −135.2 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −150.7 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=6 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₇H₁₉F₃N₂O₇S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 483.0513. found: 483.0515.

The compound 10f. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:1), Rf=0.38. Yield: 0.16 g, 60%, mp 131-132° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 1.95 (1H, sex, J=7 Hz, indane), 2.51 (1H, sex, indane, signal overlaps with signal of DMSO-D₆), 2.8-3.1 (2H, m, indane), 3.55-3.7 (2H, m, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 3.7-3.85 (2H, m, SO₂CH₂CH₂), 5.02 (1H, t, J=5 Hz, OH), 5.1-5.25 (1H, m, CH of indane), 6.88 (1H, d, J=6 Hz, NH), 7.2-7.5 (4H, m, ArH), 8.43 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 30.2 (indane), 35.2 (indane), 55.8 (SO₂CH₂ CH ₂), 60.2 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 61.9 (CH of indane, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 117.6 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 124.7 (Ar), 125.6 (Ar), 127.4 (Ar), 128 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 128.9 (Ar), 135.6 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 137.8 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=253 Hz), 144.4 (Ar), 144.5 (Ar), 144.8 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=251 Hz), 146.3 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=258 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −124.6 (C2-F, s), −134.8 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −150.7 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=6 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₇H₁₇F₃N₂O₅S₂ [(M−H)⁻]: 449.0458. found: 449.0461.

The compound 10 g. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (1:1), Rf=0.41. Yield: 0.14 g, 51%, mp 103-105° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 1.7-2.1 (4H, m, tetrahydronapthalene), 2.6-2.9 (2H, m, tetrahydronapthalene), 3.61 (2H, t, J=5.4 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 3.76 (2H, br t, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 4.8-4.9 (1H, m, CH of tetrahydronapthalene), 5.01 (1H, br s, OH), 6.82 (1H, d, J=9 Hz, NH), 7.1-7.3 (3H, m, ArH), 7.4 (1H, d, J=7.7 Hz, ArH), 8.42 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 19.3 (tetrahydronapthalene), 29.2 (tetrahydronapthalene), 30.6 (tetrahydronapthalene), 54.3 (CH of tetrahydronapthalene, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=12 Hz), 55.7 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 60.3 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 117.9 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 126.8 (Ar), 128 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 128.2 (Ar), 129.5 (Ar), 129.8 (Ar), 135.1 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=15 Hz), 137.48 (Ar), 137.56 (Ar), 137.9 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=245 Hz), 145.1 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=255 Hz), 146.2 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=254 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −123.9 (C2-F, s), −134.5 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −150.5 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=27 Hz, ²J=6 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₁₈H₁₉F₃N₂O₅S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 465.076. found: 465.0760.

The compound 10 h. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc:CHCl₃ (2:1), Rf=0.53. Yield: 0.12 g, 39%.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CD₃OD): 3.62 (2H, k, J=5.4 Hz, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 4.04 (2H, k, J=5.4 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 4.88 (SO₂NH₂, NH, OH signals overlap with signal of H₂O), 5.07 (1H, dd, ¹J=5.1 Hz, ²J=2.1 Hz, CH), 5.14 (1H, d, J=4.8 Hz, CH), 7.1-7.3 (10H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CD₃OD): 55.5 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 59.8 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 65.7 (CH, d, J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=12.5 Hz), 76.3 (CH), 116.8 (C4, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=13 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5.4 Hz), 126.8 (Ar), 127.33 (Ar), 127.38 (Ar), 127.7 (Ar), 128.8 (Ar), 128.5 (Ar), 135 (C3, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=14 Hz), 137.7 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=250 Hz), 139.1 (Ar), 141.7 (Ar), 144.8 (C2, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=257 Hz), 146.1 (C5 or C6, d, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=247 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CD₃OD): −123.9 (C2-F, s), −136.4 (C6-F, dd, ¹J=25 Hz, ²J=12 Hz), −152.3 (C5-F, dd, ¹J=24 Hz, ²J=6 Hz).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₂H₂₁F₃N₂O₆S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 531.0866. found: 531.0865.

Example 26. Preparation of 3,5-bis(cyclooctylamino)-2,6-difluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 11)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (compound 2q) (0.2 g, 0.5 mmol), Et₃N (0.142 mL, 1.02 mmol), DMSO (1 mL) cyclooctylamine (0.142 mL, 1.02 mmol) was stirred at 60° C. for 32 h. The mixture was then diluted with H₂O (20 mL) and extracted with EtAc (3×10 mL). The combined organic phase was dried over MgSO₄ and evaporated in vacuum. The product was purified by chromatography on a column of silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm) with EtAc (10%):CHCl₃, Rf=0.72. Yield: 0.15 g, 48%.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl₃): 1.4-2 (28H, m, cyclooctane), 3.05-3.15 (2H, m, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.5-3.6 (2H, m, SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 3.88 (2H, br s, 2×CH of cyclooctane), 5.58 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂), 6.43 (2H, br s, 2NH), 7.1-7.4 (5H, m, ArH).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl₃): 23.8 (cyclooctane), 25.8 (cyclooctane), 27.4 (cyclooctane), 28.5 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 33.5 (cyclooctane), 55.9 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 56.2 (CH of cyclooctane, t, J=6 Hz), 111.1 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=5 Hz), 126.3 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 127.4 (Ar), 128.6 (Ar), 129.2 (Ar), 135.3 (C3, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=10 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=6 Hz), 137.3 (Ar), 139.4 (C2, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=244 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4.5 Hz).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, CDCl₃): −144.1 (2F, s).

HRMS calcd. for C₃₀H₄₃F₂N₃O₄S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 612.2736. found: 612.2729.

Example 27. Preparation of 3,5-bis[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2,6-difluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (Compound 12)

The mixture of 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide (compound 2d) (0.2 g, 0.59 mmol), DMSO (1 mL) and 3,4-dimethoxybenzylamine (0.359 mL, 2.38 mmol) was stirred at ambient temperature for 5 days. The mixture was then diluted with H₂O (20 mL), the resultant precipitate was filtered, washed with H₂O. Recrystallization was accomplished from EtOH. Yield: 0.2 g, 53%, mp 99-102° C.

¹H NMR (300 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 3.4 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂, signal overlaps with signal of H₂O), 3.65 (2H, k, J=6 Hz, SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 3.75 (12H, s, 4CH₃), 4.4 (4H, d, J=5 Hz, 2NHCH₂ ), 5.04 (1H, t, J=5.4 Hz, OH), 6.38 (2H, t, J=5.7 Hz, 2NH), 6.85-7.05 (6H, m, ArH), 8.15 (2H, s, SO₂NH₂).

¹³C NMR (75 MHz, DMSO-D₆): 51.2 (NHCH₂, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=6 Hz), 55.5 (SO₂CH₂ CH₂ ), 56.07 (CH₃), 56.18 (CH₃), 58.3 (SO₂ CH₂ CH₂), 112.4 (Ar), 115.5 (C4, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=3 Hz), 120.8 (Ar), 127.9 (C1, t, J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=16 Hz), 132.3 (Ar), 135.7 (C3, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=10 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F-¹³C)=6 Hz), 141.7 (C2, dd, ¹J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=247 Hz, ²J(¹⁹F—¹³C)=4 Hz), 148.8 (Ar), 149.4 (Ar).

¹⁹F NMR (282 MHz, DMSO-D₆): −133.47 (2F, s).

HRMS calcd. for C₂₆H₃₁F₂N₃O₉S₂ [(M+H)⁺]: 632.1543. found: 632.1548.

Compound Binding and Inhibition Measurements

Inhibition of carbonic anhydrases is measured by determining the reduction in the velocity of catalysis. Carbonic anhydrases catalyse the reversible reaction: CO₂+H₂O

HCO₃ ⁻+H⁺

The inhibition of this reaction may be determined by measuring carbon dioxide consumption, bicarbonate appearance and the changes of pH (Krebs, J. F. and Fierke, C. A. (1993), J. Biol. Chem. 268, 948). All sulfonamides bind to the active center of carbonic anhydrases and diminish this reaction. Inhibition is equivalent to binding. (Chakravarty, S. and. Kannan, K. K. (1994), J. Mol. Biol. 243, 298; Lindskog, S. (1997), Pharmacol. Ther. 74, 1; Baird, T. T. J. et al. (1997), Biochemistry, 36, 2669). However, their binding and inhibitory efficiency varies greatly. Furthermore, the specificity of various sulfonamides varies greatly (Alterio, V. et al. (2012), Chem. Rev. 112, 4421). Sulfonamide binding to carbonic anhydrases is measured by a number of methods (Krishnamurthy, V. M. et al. (2008), Chem. Rev. 108, 946). Most often used methods are isothermal titration calorimetry, surface plasmon resonance, and ultracentrifugation. (Myszka, D. G. et al. (2003), J. Biomol. Tech. 14, 247). Specificity is determined by measuring binding constants with various isozymes and also by measuring intrinsic binding constants (Matulis, D. and Todd, M. J. (2004), Biocalorimetry 2).

Example 28. Determination of the Observed Binding Constants by the Fluorescent Thermal Shift Assay (TSA)

Inhibitor binding to carbonic anhydrases was measured by the fluorescent thermal shift assay, which measures the binding constant of a ligand by determining the increase in the melting temperature of the protein in the presence of a ligand. TSA experiments were performed as previously described ({hacek over (C)}apkauskaitė, E. et al. (2012), Eur. J. Med. Chem. 51, 259). TSA data were fit and analyzed as previously described (Kazlauskas, E. et al. (2012), PLoS ONE, 7, e36899).

FIG. 1 shows representative binding data obtained by TSA (isozyme CA XIII). The dissociation constants for several selected characteristic compounds are listed in Table 1. A widely used CA inhibitors acetazolamide (AZM) and ethoxzolamide (EZA) were used as controls in these experiments. The data in the Table show that the number of fluorine atom substitutions and the nature of the substituent on the benzene ring significantly influences the binding affinity against CA I, CA II, CA VII, CA XII and CA XIII isoforms. The 4-substituted-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamides (compounds 2a-x) bind CAI, II, VII and XIII isozymes with low nanomolar and subnanomolar affinity, exhibiting especially strong binding of CA I (K_(d) is in the range of 0.01-14 nM). The weakest binding is with CA XII (K_(d) is in the range of 20-769 nM). Further substitution at position 2 (compounds 3a-o, 4a-g, 5, 6) significantly lowers affinity for all CA isozymes, especially for CAI (the binding is in the micromolar range). Compounds 4a-g (Table lists 4e) demonstrate high selectivity for hCA XIII with respect to the other isoforms, CA I, II, VII and XII. Compounds 8a-f (Table lists 8a) do not have substituent at position 4 and fluorine atom at position 2 is substituted by a bulky group. They bind stronger to CAI then the same compounds having substituent at position 4 (compounds 4a-f). Compounds 9a-o having substitution at position 3 are good inhibitors of CA XIII. It seems that binding to CA XIII does not strongly depend on the size of substituent at this position because K_(d) varies only in the narrow nanomolar range (from 1.3 nM for 9a to 8.3 nM for 9 h). Compounds 10a-h act as nanomolar inhibitors of CA II, CA VII, CA XII, and CA XIII.

TSA data of a selected representative compound binding to CA XIII (FIG. 1). Panels on the top show thermal shift assay raw data of 2c and 9c binding to CA XIII. Panel on the bottom show the dependence of the protein melting temperatures T_(m) on ligand concentrations. The curves in this panel show the simulated curves according to literature model.

TABLE 1 Dissociation constants of selected compound binding to five human recombinant CA isoforms as determined by TSA (37° C., pH 7.0). Com- Dissociation constants K_(d) (nM) to CA isoforms pound CA I CA II CA VII CA XII CA XIII 1 2 3 4 5 6  2a 8.3  91.0 465    769 140     2c 0.11  6.7 45.5  222 8.3  2d 0.20 17.0 7.1 250 29.0   2g 0.20 11.0 5.0   50.0 6.7  2h 0.40 20.0 10.0    91.0 20.0   2i 0.10 67.0 147    200 14.3   2j 0.13  4.0 11.8    20.0 1.5  2l 0.10  2.5 1.0   50.0 1.0  2m 0.25  1.25  1.25    6.67  0.40  2t 2.5  10.0 10.0  290 2.5  2u 1.1   1.1  0.22 200  0.25  2w 0.40  6.7 13.0  110 2.5  2x 14.0   6.7 1.7 670 2.0  3a 3 300      500   130    2 900   67.0   3d 1 700      3 300     4 000     5 000   40.0   3f 25 000      250   170    500 500     3l 5 000      3 300     4 000     1 700   100     4e 8 300      2 780     1 100     1 250   33.3   8a 167    200   167    833 100     9a 67.0   5.9 8.3 290 1.3  9c 56.0   6.7 5.0   40.0 2.5  9d 500    17.0 4.0   33.0 6.7  9h 58.8  22.2 667    167 8.3  9i 213    22.2 6.7 250 3.3  9j 500    50.0 5.0   17.0 5.6  9n 1 700      33.0 10.0  250 5.6  9o 770    91.0 40.0  400 6.7 10a 200    83.0 130      25.0 14.0  10d 200    16.7 40.0    66.7 25.0  10e 83.3  25.0 14.3    66.7 4.3 EZA 14     0.71  0.71  36 13.0  AZM 1400     17.0 17.0  133 50.0 

Example 29. Determination of the Binding Constants by Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC)

The heat evolved upon inhibitor binding to carbonic anhydrase isozymes was measured by isothermal titration calorimetry. ITC measurements were performed as previously described ({hacek over (C)}apkauskaitė, E. et al. (2012), Eur. J. Med. Chem. 51, 259).

FIGS. 2, 3 show representative binding data obtained by ITC (isozymes CA I and CA XIII). The binding of 2d to CA I is the case of very tight binding where ITC curve is too steep to be fitted precisely. Therefore TSA data is more reliable to determine tight binding than ITC. The observed dissociation constants for compounds 2t and 10a listed in Table 2 shows the negligible differences between observed K_(d)'s measured by two methods (see TSA data in Table 1). Due to laborious nature of ITC measurements, only two compounds were tested by ITC and demonstrated that there is good agreement between TSA and ITC data.

FIG. 2 shows ITC data of 2d binding to CA I. FIG. 3 shows ITC data of 2c binding to CA XIII.

TABLE 2 Dissociation constants of selected compound binding to five human recombinant CA isoforms as determined by ITC (37° C., pH 7.0). Dissociation constants K_(d) (nM) to CA isoforms Compound CA I CA II CA VII CA XII CA XIII  2t 5.2 9.4 88.5 149 4.7 10a 130 139 405 12.2 45.2 EZA 25.0 0.38 8.8 23.0 12.0 AZM 780 17.7 83.3 79.2 64.4

Example 30. Determination of the Compound Inhibition Constants K_(i) by CO₂ Hydration Assay

In addition to the binding measurements by TSA and ITC, inhibition constants were also determined by conventional hydration inhibition assay for several selected characteristic compounds and confirmed that there is good general agreement between TSA, ITC, and inhibition data.

The carbon dioxide hydration activity of recombinant human CAII was measured using Applied Photophysics SX.18MV-R stopped-flow spectrometer. Reaction velocities were measured by recording absorbance of bromothymol blue (40 μM). The reaction buffer contained 10 mM NaCl, 10 mM Hepes, pH 7.4. Saturated CO₂ solutions were made by bubbling gas in milli-Q water at 25° C. CAII was incubated with inhibitors for 15 min at a room temperature to form enzyme-inhibitor complex. CAII concentration was 20 nM and final DMSO concentration was less than 0.04%. IC50 value was determined by fitting the sigmoidal curve on the data points and then K_(i) was calculated using Cheng-Prusoff equation. The determined K_(i) values for 2c, 4e, and AZM were 3.5, 500, and 10.6 nM, respectively (FIGS. 4 and 5). These values are systematically lower than the ones determined by TSA, but essentially within the standard deviation and the random error of both methods.

FIG. 4 shows CO₂ hydration catalyzed by CA II and inhibition by 2c. FIG. 5 shows inhibition curves of CA II with 2c, AZM and 4e.

Newly synthesized sulfonamides of general formula (I)

exhibit significant affinity and selectivity, often better than the existing compounds, promising to help in solving the issue of non-specific binding of clinically used inhibitors. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. Fluorinated benzenesulfonamides of general formula (I)

where n is 2 or 3, the fluorine atoms are in any position, m is 2 or 3, the A groups are identical or different from each other, n+m must be equal to 5, A is selected from the group consisting of R¹, OH, OR¹, SH, SR¹, S(O)R¹, SO₂R¹, C(O)R¹, C(O)OR¹, OC(O)R¹, NHR¹, N(R¹)₂, C(O)N(R¹)₂, NHC(O)R¹, NR¹C(O)R¹, NHC(O)OR¹, NR¹C(O)OR¹, NHC(O)NH₂, NHC(O)NHR¹, NHC(O)N(R¹)₂, NR¹O(O)NHR¹, NR¹C(O)N(R¹)₂, SO₂NHR¹, SO₂N(R¹)₂, NR¹SO₂R¹, NHSO₂NHR¹, NHSO₂N(R¹)₂, NR¹SO₂NHR¹, NR¹SO₂N(R¹)₂, C(O)NHNOH, C(O)NHNOR¹, C(O)NHSO₂R¹, C(NH)NH₂, C(NH)NHR¹, C(NH)N(R¹)₂, NHSO₂NHR¹, NHSO₂N(CH₃)R¹, N(CH₃)SO₂N(CH₃)R¹, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO₂, N₃, C(O)H, CHNOH, CH(NOCH₃), CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, and C(O)NH₂, R¹ is R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R² is phenyl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane, R³ is heteroaryl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane, R⁴ is cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloakenyl or heterocycloakynyl, each of which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, R⁵ is alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from the group consisting of R⁸, OH, OR⁸, SH, SR⁸, S(O)R⁸, SO₂R⁸, C(O)R⁸, C(O)OR⁸, OC(O)R⁸, NHR⁸, N(R⁸)₂, C(O)NHR⁸, C(O)N(R⁸)₂, NHC(O)R⁸, NR⁸C(O)R⁸, NHC(O)OR⁸, NR⁸C(O)OR⁸, NHC(O)NH₂, NHC(O)NHR⁸, NHC(O)N(R⁸)₂, NR⁸C(O)NHR⁸, NR⁸C(O)N(R⁸)₂, SO₂NHR⁸, SO₂N(R⁸)₂, NR⁸SO₂R⁸, NHSO₂NHR⁸, NHSO₂N(R⁸)₂, NR⁸SO₂NHR⁸, NR⁸SO₂N(R⁸)₂, C(O)NHNOH, C(O)NHNOR⁸, C(O)NHSO₂R⁸, C(NH)NH₂, C(NH)NHR⁸, C(NH)N(R⁸)₂, NHSO₂NHR⁸, NHSO₂N(CH₃)R⁸, N(CH₃)SO₂N(CH₃)R⁸, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO₂, N₃, C(O)H, CHNOH, CH(NOCH₃), CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)OH, and C(O)NH₂, R⁸ is R⁹, R¹⁰, R¹¹, R¹², R¹³, R¹⁴, R⁹ is phenyl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane, R¹⁰ is heteroaryl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane, R¹¹ is cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloakenyl or heterocycloakynyl, each of which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, R¹² is alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from the group consisting of NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, and I, R¹³ is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from the group consisting of NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, and I, R¹⁴ is heteroaryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from the group consisting of NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, and I, R⁶ is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from the group consisting of R¹⁵, OH, OR¹⁵, SH, SR¹⁵, S(O)R¹⁵, SO₂R¹⁵, C(O)R¹⁵, C(O)OR¹⁵, OC(O)R¹⁵, NHR¹⁵, N(R¹⁵)₂, C(O)NHR¹⁵, C(O)N(R¹⁵)₂, NHC(O)R¹⁵, NR¹⁵C(O)R¹⁵, NHC(O)OR¹⁵, NR¹⁵C(O)OR¹⁵, NHC(O)NH₂, NHC(O)NHR¹⁵, NHC(O)N(R¹⁵)₂, NR¹⁵C(O)NHR¹⁵, NR¹⁵C(O)N(R¹⁵)₂, SO₂NHR¹⁵, SO₂N(R¹⁵)₂, NR¹⁵SO₂R¹⁵, NHSO₂NHR¹⁵, NHSO₂N(R¹⁵)₂, NR¹⁵SO₂NHR¹⁵, NR¹⁵SO₂N(R¹⁵)₂, C(O)NHNOH, C(O)NHNOR¹⁵, C(O)NHSO₂R¹⁵, C(NH)NH₂, C(NH)NHR¹⁵, C(NH)N(R¹⁵)₂, NHSO₂NHR¹⁵, NHSO₂N(CH₃)R¹⁵, N(CH₃)SO₂N(CH₃)R¹⁵, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO₂, N₃, C(O)H, CHNOH, CH(NOCH₃), CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)OH, and C(O)NH₂, R¹⁵ is R¹⁶, R¹⁷, R¹⁸, R¹⁹, R²⁰, R²¹, R¹⁶ is phenyl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane, R¹⁷ is heteroaryl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane, R¹⁸ is cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloakenyl or heterocycloakynyl, each of which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, R¹⁹ is alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from the group consisting of NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, and I, R²⁰ is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from the group consisting of NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, and I, R²¹ is heteroaryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from the group consisting of NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, and I, R⁷ is heteroaryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from R²², OH, OR²², SH, SR²², S(O)R²², SO₂R²², C(O)R²², C(O)OR²², OC(O)R²², NHR²², N(R²²)₂, C(O)NHR²², C(O)N(R²²)₂, NHC(O)R²², NR²²C(O)R²², NHC(O)OR²², NR²²C(O)OR²², NHC(O)NH₂, NHC(O)NHR²², NHC(O)N(R²²)₂, NR²²C(O)NHR²², NR²²C(O)N(R²²)₂, SO₂NHR²², SO₂N(R²²)₂, NR²²SO₂R²², NHSO₂NHR²², NHSO₂N(R²²)₂, NR²²SO₂NHR²², NR²²SO₂N(R²²)₂, C(O)NHNOH, C(O)NHNOR²², C(O)NHSO₂R²², C(NH)NH₂, C(NH)NHR²², C(NH)N(R²²)₂, NHSO₂NHR²², NHSO₂N(CH₃)R²², N(CH₃)SO₂N(CH₃)R²², F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO₂, N₃, C(O)H, CHNOH, CH(NOCH₃), CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)OH, C(O)NH₂, R²² is R²³, R²⁴, R²⁵, R²⁶, R²⁷, R²⁸, R²³ is phenyl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane, R²⁴ is heteroaryl, which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, cycloalkane or heterocycloalkane, R²⁵ is cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloakenyl or heterocycloakynyl, each of which is unfused or fused with benzene, heteroarene, R²⁶ is alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl each of which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from the group consisting of NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, and I, R²⁷ is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from the group consisting of NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, and I, R²⁸ is heteroaryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more identical or different groups selected from the group consisting of NH₂, NHCH₃, N(CH₃)₂, SH, SMe, C(O)NH₂, C(O)NHOH, CF₃, CF₂CF₃, OCF₃, OCF₂CF₃, C(O)H, C(O)OH, C(O)OC₂H₅, OH, OCH₃, OC₂H₅, CH₃, C₂H₅, CH(CH₃)₂, CN, N₃, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, and I, and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the sulfonamides of general formula (I) thereof.
 2. The fluorinated benzenesulfonamides according to claim 1, selected from the group consisting of: 2-(isopropylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-(benzylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-[(1-phenylethyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-morpholin-4-yl-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-(cyclohexylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-(cycloheptylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-(cyclooctylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-(cyclododecylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-[(2,6-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-[(1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalen-1-ylamino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-{[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]amino}-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-(cyclooctylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-(cyclododecylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-[(2,6-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-[(1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino]-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalen-1-ylamino)-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-{[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]amino}-3,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2-(cyclooctylamino)-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide; 2-(cyclododecylamino)-3,5,6-trifluorobenzenesulfonamide; 3-(methylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-(tert-butylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-(benzylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-[(2-phenylethyl)amino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-morpholin-4-yl-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-(cyclooctylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-(cyclododecylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-[(2,6-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-(1-adamantylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-[(1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalen-1-ylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-{[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]amino}-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-{[(1R,2S)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]amino}-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-(benzylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-(cyclooctylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-(cyclododecylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-[(2,6-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-[(1S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylamino]-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronapthalen-1-ylamino)-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3-{[(1S,2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethyl]amino}-2,5,6-trifluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 3,5-bis(cyclooctylamino)-2,6-difluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; and 3,5-bis[(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2,6-difluoro-4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide.
 3. A composition for use in control of conditions where inhibition of carbonic anhydrase is necessary, said composition comprising an effective amount of a fluorinated benzenesulfonamide according to claim 1 as part of a pharmaceutical formulation, and wherein the conditions are selected from the group consisting of intraocular hypertension, glaucoma, altitude sickness, headaches, migraine, neurological disorders, obesity and cancer, and signs and/or symptoms thereof.
 4. A composition for use in control of conditions where inhibition of carbonic anhydrase is necessary, said composition comprising an effective amount of a fluorinated benzenesulfonamide according to claim 2 as part of a pharmaceutical formulation, and wherein the conditions are selected from the group consisting of intraocular hypertension, glaucoma, altitude sickness, headaches, migraine, neurological disorders, obesity and cancer, and signs and/or symptoms thereof.
 5. Fluorinated benzenesulfonamides selected from the group consisting of: 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-hydrazinobenzenesulfonamide; 4-(2-benzylidenehydrazino)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide; 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4[(2-hydroxyethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4[(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 2-{[4-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]sulfonyl}ethyl acetate; 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(propylthio)benzenesulfonamide; {[4-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]thio}acetic acid; 3-{[4-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]thio}propanoic acid; 6-{[4-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]amino}hexanoic acid; 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(phenylthio)benzenesulfonamide; 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-(phenylsulfonyl)benzenesulfonamide; 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-phenoxybenzenesulfonamide; 4-(benzylthio)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide; 4-(benzylamino)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide; 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-{[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]amino}benzenesulfonamide; 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(2-phenylethyl)sulfonyl]benzenesulfonamide; 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-morpholin-4-ylbenzenesulfonamide; 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-4-[(mesitylmethyl)thio]benzenesulfonamide; 4-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)thio]-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide; 4-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylthio)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide; 4-(1-adamantylamino)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide; 3-{[4-(aminosulfonyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl]thio}-[1,2,3]thiadiazolo[3,4-a]benzimidazole; and 4-[(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)thio]-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzenesulfonamide; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 